Alabama Unemployment Benefits 2026
⚠️Informational only — not legal or tax advice.
Last Updated: January 31, 2026
Last Reviewed: January 31, 2026
Applicable Period: 2026
Jurisdiction: State of Alabama, United States
Update Schedule: Quarterly reviews in 2026; annual reviews thereafter
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Overview
- Who Is Eligible for Unemployment Benefits
- Who Is Not Eligible for Unemployment Benefits
- How Unemployment Benefit Amounts Are Calculated
- Unemployment Benefit Payment Schedule
- How to File an Unemployment Claim
- Required Documents and Information for Filing
- Weekly Certification and Ongoing Eligibility Requirements
- What Happens After Filing a Claim
- Reasons an Unemployment Claim May Be Denied
- How to Appeal an Unemployment Decision
- Unemployment Fraud, Penalties, and Overpayments
- Taxation of Unemployment Benefits
- Special Unemployment Programs
- Compared to National Benchmarks
- Resources
- FAQ
Introduction
Unemployment benefits in Alabama provide temporary income replacement for eligible workers who lose employment through no fault of their own. The program is administered by the Alabama Department of Labor and funded through employer taxes under state and federal law.
Program authority: Alabama Unemployment Compensation Law, Alabama Code Title 25, Chapter 4
Administering agency: Alabama Department of Labor
Official website: https://labor.alabama.gov
This guide provides comprehensive information on Alabama unemployment benefits for 2026, including eligibility requirements, benefit amounts, filing procedures, weekly certification requirements, and appeal processes. All information is compiled from official government sources.
Sources: Alabama Code Title 25, Chapter 4, Alabama Department of Labor official guidance, U.S. Department of Labor
| Alabama Unemployment Benefits – 2026 Quick Reference | ||
|---|---|---|
| Category | 2026 Information | Official Source |
| Maximum Weekly Benefit | $275 | Alabama Code § 25-4-72 |
| Minimum Weekly Benefit | $45 | Alabama Code § 25-4-72 |
| Standard Duration | 14–20 weeks | Alabama Code § 25-4-74 |
| Waiting Week Required | Yes (first week) | Alabama Code § 25-4-77 |
| Filing Portal | Alabama Claimant Portal | uiclaimantportal.labor.alabama.gov |
| Certification Frequency | Weekly | Alabama DOL guidance |
| Work Search Required | 3 contacts/week | Senate Bill 224 (2022) |
| Appeal Deadline | 15 days from mailing | Alabama Code § 25-4-92 |
| Payment Methods | Direct deposit, debit card | Alabama DOL guidance |
| Tax Withholding Available | Federal: Yes (10%) / State: No (Alabama has no state income tax) | Alabama DOL guidance |
ℹ️ Key Unemployment Insurance Terms
Common terms used throughout this guide:
Claimant - Individual filing for unemployment benefits
Base Period - First four of the last five completed calendar quarters before filing claim
Benefit Year - 52-week period beginning when claim is filed
Weekly Benefit Amount (WBA) - Amount payable each week if eligible
Maximum Benefit Amount (MBA) - Total benefits available during benefit year
Monetary Determination - Decision on benefit amounts based on wage history
Non-Monetary Determination - Decision on eligibility based on separation reason and ongoing requirements
Adjudication - Investigation and decision-making process for eligibility issues
Suitable Work - Employment appropriate for claimant's skills, experience, and labor market
Overpayment - Benefits paid that claimant was not entitled to receive
Waiting Week - First week of unemployment for which benefits are not paid
High Quarter - Base period quarter with highest wages from covered employment
Source: Alabama Department of Labor terminology guide
Overview of Unemployment Benefits in Alabama
Program Purpose
Unemployment insurance in Alabama provides temporary income replacement for workers who become unemployed through no fault of their own. The program operates as a federal-state partnership, with Alabama administering benefits according to state law while meeting federal requirements.
Legal framework:
- State law: Alabama Unemployment Compensation Law, Alabama Code Title 25, Chapter 4
- Federal law: Federal Unemployment Tax Act (FUTA), 26 U.S.C. § 3301
- Funding: Employer payroll taxes on first $8,000 of each employee’s gross earnings (no employee contribution)
Source: Alabama Code Title 25, Chapter 4; FUTA at https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title26-section3301
Administering Agency
Alabama Department of Labor
Alabama’s unemployment insurance program is administered by the Alabama Department of Labor.
Contact information:
- Website: https://labor.alabama.gov
- Claims filing portal: https://uiclaimantportal.labor.alabama.gov
- Phone: 1-866-234-5382 (claims filing)
- Claimant Inquiry Line: 1-800-361-4524
- TTY/TDD: 1-800-548-2546
- Hours: Monday-Friday, callback appointments available Sunday 5:00 PM – Thursday 5:00 PM for next-day callbacks
- Mailing address: Alabama Department of Labor, 649 Monroe Street, Montgomery, AL 36131
Source: Alabama Department of Labor official website
Who Is Eligible for Unemployment Benefits in Alabama
Employment Status Requirements
To qualify for unemployment benefits in Alabama, individuals must have worked in covered employment during the base period.
Covered employment definition:
According to Alabama Code § 25-4-10: “Covered employment means any service performed for wages under any contract of hire, written or oral, express or implied.”
Covered employment generally includes most private sector jobs, government positions, and nonprofit organizations with sufficient employee counts.
Excluded categories:
- Independent contractors (unless misclassified)
- Self-employed individuals (unless participating in optional coverage)
- Certain agricultural workers earning below statutory thresholds
- Domestic workers in private homes earning below $1,000 per quarter per employer
- Students working for educational institution where enrolled
- Elected officials
- Insurance agents paid solely on commission
- Real estate agents paid solely on commission
Source: Alabama Code § 25-4-10 (covered employment definitions and exclusions)
Official text: https://law.justia.com/codes/alabama/title-25/chapter-4/
Earnings and Work History Requirements
Base Period Definition:
The base period in Alabama is the first four of the last five completed calendar quarters before filing the claim.
Example: Claim filed in January 2026
- Base period: October 1, 2024 – September 30, 2025
- If standard base period fails: Alternative base period uses the last four completed calendar quarters (January 1, 2025 – December 31, 2025)
Source: Alabama Code § 25-4-72
Minimum Monetary Requirements:
To qualify monetarily for benefits in Alabama, claimants must meet ALL of the following wage requirements:
- Wages in at least two quarters: Must have earned wages in at least two quarters of the base period
- Total base period wages: Must equal or exceed 1.5 times the wages earned in the high quarter
- Average quarterly earnings: The average earnings of the two highest base period quarters must meet the minimum amount specified by law
Alabama does allow use of an alternative base period if the standard base period fails to qualify the claimant. The alternative base period uses the last four completed calendar quarters before filing.
Source: Alabama Code § 25-4-72 (Monetary Eligibility)
Benefit calculator: https://uiclaimantportal.labor.alabama.gov (provides estimate only)
Separation From Employment Requirements
Qualifying vs Disqualifying Separations:
Qualifying separations (eligible for benefits):
The following types of job separation qualify for unemployment benefits in Alabama:
- Layoff due to lack of work
- Business closure or downsizing
- Position elimination
- Reduction in hours below full-time
- Temporary layoff with indefinite recall
- Discharge not due to misconduct
Disqualifying separations:
According to Alabama Code § 25-4-78, benefits are denied if unemployment results from:
- Voluntary quit without good cause Definition: Leaving employment voluntarily without work-related reason considered “good cause” under state law. Disqualification period: Until requalified by returning to covered employment and earning at least 8 times the weekly benefit amount
- Discharge for misconduct Definition: Misconduct under Alabama law includes deliberate violations of employer rules, deliberate disregard of standards of behavior the employer has a right to expect, carelessness or negligence to a degree showing wrongful intent, willful indifference to employer’s interests. Disqualification period: Until requalified by returning to covered employment and earning at least 8 times the weekly benefit amount
- Refusal of suitable work Definition: Declining job offer meeting definition of “suitable work” without good cause. Disqualification period: Until requalified by returning to covered employment
- Positive drug test Claimants who test positive for illegal drugs under employer’s reasonable drug policy after warning may be disqualified. Disqualification period: Until requalified by returning to covered employment and earning at least 8 times the weekly benefit amount
Good cause exceptions:
Alabama recognizes the following as “good cause” for voluntary separation:
- Following military spouse due to permanent change of duty station (requires proof of military orders and spousal relationship)
- Certain health and safety issues making continued employment impossible
- Documented cases of workplace harassment or hostile work environment
- Constructive discharge situations where employer made continued employment intolerable
Source: Alabama Code § 25-4-78 (disqualification provisions)
Official text: https://law.justia.com/codes/alabama/title-25/chapter-4/article-4/section-25-4-78/
Ongoing Eligibility Requirements
To remain eligible for benefits each week, claimants must:
- Be able to work – Not incapacitated by illness or injury. If unable to work due to sickness or injury, benefits are denied until proof of ability to work is provided.
- Be available for work – Ready to accept suitable employment during the hours, days, and shifts typically worked in the relevant occupation.
- Be willing to accept suitable work – Cannot refuse job offers or referrals meeting the definition of suitable work.
- Actively search for work – Perform required work search activities each week (3 employer contacts).
- Register with Alabama Career Center – Must register and maintain active registration unless specifically exempted.
Source: Alabama Code § 25-4-77 (eligibility conditions); Alabama DOL Benefit Rights and Responsibilities
Who Is Not Eligible for Unemployment Benefits in Alabama
The following categories of workers are generally not covered by Alabama’s unemployment insurance program:
Categorical exclusions:
- Self-employed individuals Individuals working for themselves are not covered unless they elect optional coverage where available.
- Independent contractors Workers classified as independent contractors rather than employees are not covered. Misclassified workers may appeal classification.
- Students employed by educational institution Students employed by the educational institution where enrolled and regularly attending classes are excluded while school is in session.
- Federal civilian employees Covered under Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE) program, not state UI. UCFE information: https://www.dol.gov/agencies/eta/unemployment-insurance/ucfe
- Military personnel Covered under Unemployment Compensation for Ex-Servicemembers (UCX) program. UCX information: https://www.dol.gov/agencies/eta/unemployment-insurance/ucx
- Elected officials Service as elected official is excluded from covered employment.
- Insurance agents and real estate agents on commission Licensed insurance agents and real estate agents compensated solely by commission are excluded.
- Agricultural workers below threshold Agricultural labor below statutory wage or employee count thresholds.
- Domestic workers below threshold Domestic service in private homes earning less than $1,000 per quarter per employer.
- Certain family employment Services performed by children under age 21 for parents, or by spouse for spouse.
Source: Alabama Code § 25-4-10 (excluded services)
Federal programs: 5 U.S.C. § 8501 (UCFE); 5 U.S.C. § 8521 (UCX)
How Unemployment Benefit Amounts Are Calculated in Alabama
Weekly Benefit Amount (WBA)
Calculation formula:
Alabama calculates the weekly benefit amount using the following formula:
Weekly Benefit Amount = (Average earnings of two highest base period quarters) ÷ 26
The result is rounded down to the nearest dollar.
For 2026:
- Minimum WBA: $45
- Maximum WBA: $275
- Average WBA: Approximately $229 (2025 data)
Example calculation:
Claimant’s base period wages:
- Quarter 1 (Oct-Dec 2024): $5,200
- Quarter 2 (Jan-Mar 2025): $6,500 (high quarter)
- Quarter 3 (Apr-Jun 2025): $6,200
- Quarter 4 (Jul-Sep 2025): $5,800
Two highest quarters: $6,500 + $6,200 = $12,700 Average: $12,700 ÷ 2 = $6,350 Weekly Benefit Amount: $6,350 ÷ 26 = $244.23, rounded down to $244
Partial unemployment:
Claimants working part-time may receive reduced benefits. Alabama allows earnings up to one-third of the weekly benefit amount before benefit reduction. Benefits are reduced dollar-for-dollar for earnings above this threshold.
Example: If WBA is $240, claimant can earn up to $80 with no reduction. If claimant earns $150, the benefit is reduced: $240 – ($150 – $80) = $170 paid.
If gross weekly earnings equal or exceed the weekly benefit amount, no benefits are payable for that week.
Source: Alabama Code § 25-4-72 (benefit calculation); § 25-4-73 (partial benefits)
Last updated: January 2026
Official calculator: https://uiclaimantportal.labor.alabama.gov (estimate only, not determination)
Maximum Benefit Amount and Duration
Maximum benefit amount (MBA):
The maximum benefit amount is the total benefits available during the benefit year. Alabama’s maximum benefit amount and duration vary based on the state’s unemployment rate.
Standard benefit duration: 14-20 weeks
The number of weeks available depends on Alabama’s average unemployment rate:
- When the rate is low, duration is 14 weeks
- When the rate is moderate to high, duration extends to 20 weeks
- The rate is evaluated periodically by the Alabama Department of Labor
Maximum total benefits (2026):
- Minimum scenario: $45 × 14 weeks = $630
- Maximum scenario: $275 × 20 weeks = $5,500
Benefit year:
Benefits are payable for up to 14-20 weeks within a 52-week benefit year beginning the Sunday of the week the claim is filed.
Extended Benefits (EB) program:
Additional weeks of benefits may be available when Alabama’s unemployment rate triggers the federal-state Extended Benefits program. EB can provide up to 13 additional weeks when activated.
Current EB status: Inactive as of January 2026
Status verification: https://oui.doleta.gov/unemploy/claims_arch.asp
Training extension:
Claimants enrolled in approved training may qualify for an additional 5 weeks of benefits beyond standard duration if training extends past the benefit year end date.
Source: Alabama Code § 25-4-74 (maximum benefit amount); § 25-4-75 (extended benefits); EUCA § 202 (EB)
EB status: U.S. Department of Labor, verified January 30, 2026
Dependents Allowance
Alabama does not provide dependent allowances for unemployment benefits. The weekly benefit amount is calculated solely based on the claimant’s base period wages without adjustment for dependents.
Source: Alabama Code Title 25, Chapter 4 reviewed; no dependent allowance provisions found
Unemployment Benefit Payment Schedule in Alabama
| Payment Process and Timeline | ||
|---|---|---|
| Phase | Timeframe | Details |
| Weekly Certification Window | Sunday–Saturday | File certification for previous week; available online or by phone |
| Processing Time | 1–2 business days | Time for Alabama DOL to process certification and verify eligibility |
| Payment Authorization | 1–2 business days after processing | Payment approved and sent to selected payment method |
| Direct Deposit | 2–3 business days total | Funds available in bank account from certification date |
| Debit Card (AL Vantage Card) | 2–3 business days total | Funds loaded to unemployment debit card |
| Total Timeline | 3–4 weeks from filing | Typical time from initial claim to first payment (includes waiting week) |
Waiting week impact:
Alabama requires a one-week waiting period. The first week of unemployment is not compensable, meaning the first payment received is for the second week of unemployment. The waiting week must meet all eligibility requirements and a weekly certification must be filed for it to count, even though no payment is issued.
The waiting week applies to the first week of the claim and was moved from the 14th payable week to the first payable week for all new claims effective August 1, 2012.
Payment methods:
- Direct deposit – Fastest method, funds deposited directly to bank account
- AL Vantage Prepaid Benefits Card – Prepaid MasterCard that automatically loads benefits
- Paper check – No longer standard option; contact Alabama DOL if needed
Source: Alabama Code § 25-4-77 (waiting week); Alabama DOL payment timeline information
Payment schedule page: https://workforce.alabama.gov/unemployment/
How to File an Unemployment Claim in Alabama
Online Filing (Primary Method)
Filing portal: Alabama Claimant Portal
URL: https://uiclaimantportal.labor.alabama.gov
Availability: 24/7
Step-by-step filing process:
- Create account – Register on Alabama Claimant Portal using Google, Microsoft, or Apple account for authentication (no personal information from these accounts is shared with Alabama DOL)
- Verify identity – Provide Social Security number, driver’s license or state ID number, and answer identity verification questions
- Enter personal information – Name, date of birth, address, phone number, email address, citizenship status
- Provide employment history – List all employers during past 18 months with:
- Employer name and complete address
- Employment start and end dates
- Reason for separation
- Last day worked
- Gross wages earned
- Answer eligibility questions – Questions about availability for work, work search capability, and any disqualifying issues
- Choose payment method – Select direct deposit (provide bank routing and account number) or debit card
- Submit claim – Review all information carefully and submit application
Required information:
- Social Security number
- Driver’s license or state-issued ID number
- Mother’s maiden name (for identity verification)
- Complete employment history (last 18 months)
- Bank account information for direct deposit (optional)
- Alien registration number (if not U.S. citizen)
- DD Form 214 Member 4 copy (if separated from military)
Processing: Claims are typically processed within 7-10 business days. Claimants receive monetary determination showing wage credits and benefit amounts, and non-monetary determination if any eligibility issues exist.
Source: Alabama DOL filing instructions
Official guide: https://labor.alabama.gov/docs/guides/uc_brr.pdf
Phone Filing
Telephone claims line: 1-866-234-5382
Hours: Available for initial claim filing
Phone filing follows same process as online filing. Representatives ask questions and enter information into system. Wait times may be significant during peak periods.
For questions or assistance, callback appointments available:
- Callback scheduling: Sunday 5:00 PM through Thursday 5:00 PM
- Next-day callbacks: Keep phone nearby entire day of scheduled callback
- If unable to secure appointment: Try again the next day
Source: Alabama DOL contact information
Required Documents and Information for Filing
Personal identification:
- Social Security number or Social Security card
- Driver’s license or state-issued ID
- Date of birth
- Contact information (phone, email, mailing address)
- Mother’s maiden name
Employment documentation:
- Last employer information (name, complete address, phone, employment dates)
- Reason for separation
- Last day worked
- Separation notice if available (layoff letter, termination notice, furlough notice)
- All employers in last 18 months with dates and addresses
Banking information (for direct deposit):
- Bank routing number (9 digits)
- Account number
- Account type (checking or savings)
Additional documentation (if applicable):
- Work authorization documents (non-citizens – alien registration number)
- DD Form 214 Member 4 copy (military service separation)
- SF-8 or SF-50 (federal civilian employment)
- Union membership information if union member
- Proof of military spouse relocation (if claiming good cause for quit)
Most documents can be uploaded through online portal after filing initial claim or mailed to Alabama Department of Labor.
Source: Alabama DOL filing checklist
Document requirements: https://uiclaimantportal.labor.alabama.gov
Weekly Certification and Ongoing Eligibility Requirements
Certification Process
Certification frequency: Weekly
Filing window: Sunday through Saturday for the previous week
Method: Online through Alabama Claimant Portal (primary), phone via 1-866-234-5382, or mobile app
Each certification requires answering questions about the previous week:
- Were you able to work all days?
- Were you available for work all days?
- Did you actively search for work?
- Did you refuse any job offers or fail to report for interview?
- Did you work or earn any money?
- Were you attending school or training?
- Did you receive any other income (pension, severance, vacation pay)?
Late filing: Certifications must be filed weekly. Late certifications may result in delayed or denied benefits. The Alabama Department of Labor accepts certifications filed after the week ends but before the next week’s certification is due.
Source: Alabama Code § 25-4-77 (continuing claim requirements)
Certification instructions: https://workforce.alabama.gov/unemployment/
Work Search Requirements
Required work search activities:
According to Senate Bill 224 effective January 2023, claimants must actively search for work and complete 3 qualifying work search activities per week.
Qualifying activities:
- Submitting job application to potential employer
- Attending job interview (scheduled or walk-in)
- Attending job fair or hiring event
- Attending Alabama Career Center workshop or reemployment service
- Creating or updating resume on Alabama Works website
- Registering with employment agencies or placement services
- Contacting former employers about rehire possibilities
- Networking activities that could lead to employment
Documentation required:
For each work search activity, record:
- Date of contact (must be during the week being claimed)
- Employer name
- City and state
- Method of contact (in-person, online application, phone, email)
- Contact results or outcome
- Position applied for or discussed
This information must be reported when filing weekly certification. Alabama DOL conducts random audits of approximately 5% of work search activities and claimants are required to provide documentation if selected.
Work search standards:
- Apply each week with employers who hire people with your experience, training, or skills
- Contact employers during normal hiring hours (typically weekdays during business hours)
- Apply to the person who has authority to hire
- Apply for work for which you are qualified within normal commuting distance of residence
- Visit Alabama Works website or Alabama Career Center at least once per week
Audit process:
Alabama DOL conducts random audits of work search activities. Claimants selected for audit must provide documentation upon request. Failure to document required work search activities may result in denial of benefits for the weeks in question.
Exemptions:
The following claimants are exempt from work search requirements:
- Temporary layoff with definite recall date within 10 weeks – Must have written notice from employer stating specific return-to-work date
- Union hiring hall members – Members of union with hiring hall who register with hall and are in good standing
- Approved training participants – Claimants enrolled in Alabama Department of Labor-approved training programs may be exempt from work search but must continue training participation
- Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) recipients – Workers certified under TAA enrolled in approved training
Each exemption requires verification and approval by Alabama DOL. Claimants remain responsible for other eligibility requirements including weekly certification and reporting any work or earnings.
Source: Alabama Code § 25-4-77 (work search requirements); Senate Bill 224 (2022); Alabama DOL Work Search Guide
Work search information: https://workforce.alabama.gov/unemployment/
Alabama Works registration: https://alabamaworks.alabama.gov
Registration with Alabama Career Center
Unless specifically exempted, most claimants must register with the Alabama Career Center and maintain an active registration while receiving unemployment benefits.
Registration process:
- Visit https://alabamaworks.alabama.gov
- Create online profile
- Upload or create resume
- Keep registration and resume current throughout benefit period
- Visit website or local Career Center at least once per week
Services available:
- Job referrals and job matching
- Resume building assistance
- Interview preparation
- Skills assessment
- Training program information
- Reemployment services
- Labor market information
Exemptions from registration: Claimants may be exempt from Career Center registration if they:
- Have definite return-to-work date within 10 weeks
- Are union members registered with hiring hall
- Are enrolled in approved training
- Have other specific exemptions approved by Alabama DOL
Source: Alabama Code § 25-4-77; Alabama DOL registration requirements
Reporting Earnings
Critical requirement: Report ALL earnings from any work performed during the week being claimed, regardless of when payment is received.
Reporting rules:
- Report gross earnings (before taxes and deductions)
- Report earnings for the week worked, not the week paid
- Include all types of compensation: wages, tips, commissions, bonuses
- Report self-employment income if any
- Report part-time, temporary, or casual work
Deductible income types:
- Wages from employment
- Self-employment income
- Vacation pay (when paid)
- Holiday pay
- Severance pay
- Sick pay from employer
- Back pay awards
- Pension or retirement income exceeding $25 per week
- Workers’ compensation (if receiving lost wage benefits)
Non-deductible income:
- Weekend drill pay from National Guard or military reserves
- Social Security benefits
- Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
- Veterans’ benefits
- Child support
- Gifts or loans
Failure to report: Not reporting earnings accurately when filing weekly certification may be considered fraud and result in criminal prosecution, benefit denial, overpayment assessment, and penalties.
Source: Alabama Code § 25-4-73 (earnings reporting); Alabama DOL Benefit Rights and Responsibilities
What Happens After Filing a Claim
Claim processing steps:
- Initial claim received – Alabama DOL receives application through online portal or phone system
- Employer notification – Notice of Claim and Request for Separation Information sent to last employer. Employer has 7 days to respond with separation details.
- Monetary determination issued – Shows wages by quarter and employer, WBA, MBA, and benefit year dates. Issued typically within 7-10 days of filing.
- Non-monetary determination (if needed) – Investigation of eligibility issues if separation reason, availability, or other questions exist. Timeline varies based on complexity.
- First payment – If approved with no issues, payment issued after completing waiting week and subsequent certified weeks.
Monetary determination:
Document showing:
- Base period quarters with dates
- Wages by quarter for each employer
- Total base period wages
- High quarter wages
- Weekly benefit amount (WBA)
- Maximum benefit amount (MBA)
- Number of weeks available
- Benefit year beginning date
- Benefit year ending date
The monetary determination shows wages by quarter and employer, weekly benefit amount, maximum benefit amount, and benefit year dates. If wages are missing or incorrect, contact Alabama DOL Claimant Inquiry Line at 1-800-361-4524 immediately. Request for redetermination may be needed to locate missing or incorrect wages.
Non-monetary determination:
Issued when eligibility questions exist regarding:
- Reason for job separation (quit, discharge, circumstances)
- Availability for work
- Ability to work
- Refusal of work or job referral
- Work search compliance
- Other disqualifying issues
Investigation process:
- Fact-finding interview scheduled (typically by phone)
- Employer and claimant provide information
- Additional documentation requested if needed
- Evidence submitted and reviewed
- Written determination issued with appeal rights
- Both parties notified of decision
Typical timeline:
- Monetary determination: 7-10 days after filing
- Non-monetary determination: 14-21 days (if required, varies by case complexity)
- First payment: 3-4 weeks from filing if no issues (includes waiting week)
Source: Alabama DOL claims processing information
Processing timeline: https://workforce.alabama.gov/unemployment/
Reasons an Unemployment Claim May Be Denied
Monetary denial:
Claims denied for insufficient wages when:
- Total base period wages below minimum threshold
- Wages earned in fewer than two quarters
- Total wages less than 1.5 times high quarter wages
- Average of two highest quarters below minimum
Claimants denied monetarily may reapply when base period changes (each quarter) or may qualify using alternative base period.
Non-monetary denial (disqualifications):
- Voluntary quit without good cause
Disqualification: Until requalified by earning at least 8 times the weekly benefit amount in new covered employment - Discharge for misconduct
Disqualification: Until requalified by earning at least 8 times the weekly benefit amount in new covered employment - Refusal of suitable work
Disqualification: Until requalified by returning to covered employment - Failure to meet availability requirements
Disqualification: Until requirements met and documented - Work search non-compliance
Disqualification: Week(s) of non-compliance - Positive drug test under employer policy
Disqualification: Until requalified by earning at least 8 times the weekly benefit amount in new covered employment - Receiving other disqualifying income
Temporary disqualification while income continues
Administrative denial:
- Incomplete application
- Failure to provide required documentation
- Missed fact-finding interview without good cause
- Identity verification failure
- Non-response to agency requests
- Failure to file weekly certifications
Source: Alabama Code § 25-4-78 (disqualification provisions); § 25-4-77 (eligibility requirements)
Denial information: https://labor.alabama.gov/docs/guides/uc_brr.pdf
How to Appeal an Unemployment Decision in Alabama
Appeal Deadlines
Filing deadline: 15 calendar days from the mailing date of determination
CRITICAL: Appeals must be filed within 15 calendar days of the date the determination was mailed (shown on notice), NOT the date received. If the determination was delivered in person, the deadline is 7 calendar days.
Calculation: If determination mailed January 15, 2026, the appeal deadline is January 30, 2026. The postmark date controls for mailed appeals.
Postmark rule: Appeals mailed must be postmarked on or before the deadline. Hand-delivered appeals must be received by the deadline.
Late appeals: May be accepted for good cause if claimant can demonstrate:
- Serious illness or hospitalization
- Death in immediate family
- Mail delivery problems beyond claimant’s control
- Other circumstances preventing timely filing
Late appeal requests must include explanation of reason for late filing and supporting documentation.
Source: Alabama Code § 25-4-92 (appeal procedures and deadlines)
Official text: https://law.justia.com/codes/alabama/title-25/chapter-4/article-5/section-25-4-92/
Appeal Filing Process
How to file appeal:
Online: https://uiclaimantportal.labor.alabama.gov – Fastest method, requires Document ID from determination notice
Mail:
Alabama Department of Labor
Hearings and Appeals Division
649 Monroe Street, Room 4677
Montgomery, Alabama 36131
Fax: (334) 956-5891 or 1-800-321-9323
In-person: Deliver to above address during business hours
Required information:
- Claimant name and last four digits of Social Security number
- Determination document ID number
- Date of determination being appealed
- Clear statement of why you disagree with the decision
- Your signature and date
- Current mailing address and phone number
Alabama Department of Labor does not use a specific appeal form. A signed letter containing the required information is sufficient.
Confirmation: Continue filing weekly certifications while appeal is pending. If appeal decision is favorable, payment will be made for all eligible weeks that were certified.
Source: Alabama DOL appeals process information
Official guidance: https://adol.alabama.gov/divisions/unemployment-compensation/hearings-and-appeals/
Appeals filing instructions: https://uiclaimantportal.labor.alabama.gov/pdf/Appeals_Filing.pdf
Hearing Process
Hearing notification:
Notice of Unemployment Compensation Telephone Hearing mailed to all parties at least 10 days before scheduled hearing date, including:
- Date and time of hearing
- Hearing method (telephone, rarely in-person)
- Parties involved
- Issues to be decided
- Administrative Hearing Officer assigned
- Instructions for submitting evidence
- Information about representation rights
Hearing format:
- Type: Telephone (in-person granted only in rare circumstances for special accommodations)
- Officer: Administrative Hearing Officer (impartial)
- Duration: Typically 30 minutes to 1 hour
- Recording: Hearing recorded for appeal purposes; no other recording permitted
Evidence submission:
- Submit evidence before hearing when possible
- Mail, fax, or upload documents
- Provide copies to all parties
- Evidence may include: pay stubs, separation notices, correspondence, written statements, medical documentation
Witness participation:
- Notify witnesses of hearing date and time
- Ensure witnesses are available by phone
- Limit to witnesses with direct, personal knowledge of facts
- One or two witnesses usually sufficient
- Subpoenas available for unwilling witnesses by requesting through Hearings and Appeals Division at 1-800-321-9323
Hearing procedures:
- Administrative Hearing Officer explains process and issues under appeal
- Parties placed under oath
- Testimony taken from appellant (person filing appeal) first
- Testimony taken from other party if present
- Witnesses questioned by Hearing Officer and parties
- Evidence reviewed and discussed
- Each party given opportunity for closing statement
- Hearing concluded
Representation: Parties may represent themselves or be represented by attorney or any competent person at their own expense. Attorney fees may not exceed 10% of benefits obtained as result of appeal.
Failure to appear: If party fails to participate in scheduled hearing without good cause, Hearing Officer may issue decision based on testimony of party appearing and available evidence. Default decisions may be issued.
Decision:
Written decision issued typically within 10 business days after hearing, mailed to all parties. Decision includes:
- Findings of fact based on evidence
- Conclusions of law
- Decision (affirmed, modified, or reversed)
- Reasoning supporting decision
- Appeal rights to Board of Appeals
Source: Alabama Code § 25-4-92 (hearing procedures); Alabama DOL hearing guidance
Hearing preparation: https://uiclaimantportal.labor.alabama.gov/pdf/Appeals_Filing.pdf
Further Appeals
Second-level appeal (Board of Appeals):
Appeals of Administrative Hearing Officer decisions may be filed with Alabama Unemployment Compensation Board of Appeals:
- Deadline: 15 calendar days from the mailing date of hearing officer’s decision
- Method: Written application to Board of Appeals including name, last four digits of Social Security number, and specific reasons for disagreement
- Address:
Alabama Unemployment Compensation Board of Appeals
Alabama Department of Labor
649 Monroe Street
Montgomery, Alabama 36131
Fax: 1-800-321-9323 - Review type: Board reviews hearing record; typically no new hearing unless Board schedules one
- Decision: Board may grant or deny application for appeal. To be granted, appeal must address specific points not thoroughly covered in first-level hearing.
- Timeline: Decision varies by case complexity
Judicial appeal (Circuit Court):
Final administrative decisions may be appealed to Circuit Court:
- Deadline: 40 days from the date Board of Appeals decision becomes final
- Jurisdiction: Circuit Court in county of claimant’s residence
- Filing: Appeal filed with Circuit Court following court procedures
- Representation: Legal counsel permitted
- Further appeals: Circuit Court decision may be appealed to Alabama Court of Civil Appeals
Source: Alabama Code § 25-4-93 (Board of Appeals); § 25-4-94 (judicial review)
Unemployment Fraud, Penalties, and Overpayments
Fraud Definition and Examples
Fraud defined:
According to Alabama Code § 25-4-145: “Fraud occurs when a person willfully makes a false statement or representation or willfully fails to disclose a material fact to obtain or increase benefit payments.”
Common fraud examples:
- Failing to report work or earnings while certifying for benefits
- Providing false information about reason for job separation
- Claiming benefits while incarcerated
- Using another person’s identity to file claims
- Not reporting job offers or refusals
- Filing claims in multiple states simultaneously
- Certifying availability for work when unable or unwilling to work
- Providing false wage information
Source: Alabama Code § 25-4-145 (fraud definitions and penalties)
Official text: https://law.justia.com/codes/alabama/title-25/chapter-4/article-7/section-25-4-145/
Penalties for Fraud
Administrative penalties:
Claimants found to have committed fraud must repay benefits received AND face additional penalties:
- Repayment: 100% of fraudulently obtained benefits
- Penalty: Fraud penalty of not less than 4 times weekly benefit amount and not more than maximum benefit amount payable in benefit year
- Disqualification: Ineligible for benefits for 52-week period beginning from final date of fraud determination and until fraud overpayment is repaid in cash
- Interest: Interest charges may apply to unpaid balance
- Tax offset: Federal and state tax refunds may be intercepted
- Wage garnishment: Wages may be garnished if authorized
Criminal penalties:
Unemployment fraud is a criminal offense under Alabama Code § 25-4-145. Each fraudulent statement or certification constitutes a separate offense:
- Class B Felony: If aggregate amount exceeds $2,500
Penalty: Up to 20 years imprisonment per offense - Class C Felony: If aggregate amount exceeds $500 but does not exceed $2,500
Penalty: Up to 10 years imprisonment - Class A Misdemeanor: If aggregate amount does not exceed $500
Penalty: Up to one year imprisonment - Fines: May be imposed in addition to or instead of imprisonment
Arrest warrants may be issued against persons who commit fraud.
Source: Alabama Code § 25-4-145 (criminal penalties)
Report fraud:
- Phone: 1-855-234-2856
- Email: TipHotline@workforce.alabama.gov
- Online: https://labor.alabama.gov (fraud reporting link)
Non-Fraud Overpayments
Overpayment without fraud:
Overpayments may occur without fraudulent intent due to:
- Agency error in processing claims or determinations
- Delayed employer information affecting eligibility
- Determination reversed on appeal
- Good faith mistake by claimant in reporting
- Misunderstanding of eligibility requirements
Repayment obligation:
Non-fraud overpayments must be repaid in full, but without fraud penalties or disqualification periods.
Waiver of overpayment:
Alabama law authorizes the Secretary of Labor to waive overpayments under prescribed procedures and conditions. Waivers may be granted when:
- Overpayment was not claimant’s fault
- Repayment would cause significant financial hardship
- Overpayment resulted from agency error
- Claimant provided accurate information in good faith
Waiver requests require application and supporting documentation showing financial circumstances.
Repayment options:
- Lump sum payment (full amount)
- Payment plan (installment payments over time)
- Offset from future unemployment benefits if eligible
- Federal and state tax refund intercept
- Collection through Alabama Department of Revenue
Claimants can contact Alabama DOL at 1-800-361-4524 to discuss repayment options and establish payment plans.
Source: Alabama Code § 25-4-145 (overpayment recovery and waiver authority); § 25-4-33 (overpayment collection)
Repayment information: https://workforce.alabama.gov/unemployment/
Taxation of Unemployment Benefits in Alabama
Federal Tax Treatment
Federal taxation:
Unemployment benefits are taxable income under federal law (26 U.S.C. § 85). All unemployment compensation received during the calendar year must be reported on federal income tax returns.
Claimants receive Form 1099-G by January 31 following the calendar year, showing:
- Box 1: Total unemployment compensation paid during the year
- Box 4: Federal income tax withheld (if any)
- Box 6: State or local income tax withheld (will be blank for Alabama)
Federal withholding option:
Claimants may request federal income tax withholding at 10% of each weekly benefit payment. This is voluntary and can be elected when filing the initial claim or changed at any time during the benefit year.
To elect federal withholding:
- Update preference in Alabama Claimant Portal, or
- Contact Alabama DOL Claimant Inquiry Line at 1-800-361-4524
Withholding reduces each weekly payment by 10%. Example: $240 weekly benefit with withholding elected results in $216 payment ($24 withheld for federal taxes).
Source: IRS Publication 525 (Taxable and Nontaxable Income); 26 U.S.C. § 85
IRS unemployment information: https://www.irs.gov/individuals/employees/unemployment-compensation
State Tax Treatment
Alabama taxation:
Alabama does not impose a state income tax on unemployment benefits. Alabama has no state income tax, so unemployment compensation is not subject to Alabama taxation.
State withholding:
Because Alabama has no state income tax, state income tax withholding is not available for unemployment benefits.
Source: Alabama Department of Revenue; Alabama does not have income tax
Verified: January 30, 2026
Form 1099-G
Form 1099-G distribution:
Alabama Department of Labor issues Form 1099-G by January 31 each year for unemployment compensation received during the previous calendar year.
Access methods:
- Mailed to address on file with Alabama DOL
- Available online through Alabama Claimant Portal at https://uiclaimantportal.labor.alabama.gov
- Can be requested by phone at 1-800-361-4524
Incorrect 1099-G:
If Form 1099-G shows incorrect amounts or reports benefits not received (possible identity theft):
- Contact Alabama DOL immediately at 1-800-361-4524
- Report potential fraud to fraud hotline: 1-855-234-2856 or TipHotline@workforce.alabama.gov
- Request corrected Form 1099-G before filing tax return
- Do not report incorrect amounts on tax return
Identity theft: If Form 1099-G received for benefits not claimed, this may indicate identity theft. Report immediately to Alabama DOL fraud hotline and follow identity theft protection procedures.
Source: Alabama DOL 1099-G information
Portal: https://uiclaimantportal.labor.alabama.gov
Special Unemployment Programs in Alabama
Extended Benefits (EB)
Program status (2026): Inactive
Extended Benefits provide additional weeks of unemployment compensation when Alabama’s unemployment rate meets federal trigger criteria.
Trigger requirements:
EB activates when:
- Alabama’s Insured Unemployment Rate (IUR) exceeds 5% AND is at least 120% of the average for the prior two years, OR
- Alabama’s Total Unemployment Rate (TUR) exceeds 6.5% AND is at least 110% of the average for the prior two years
Additional weeks available: Up to 13 weeks beyond standard duration when program is active
Current status:
Alabama’s Extended Benefits program is currently inactive as unemployment rates do not meet trigger thresholds.
Status verification:
URL: https://oui.doleta.gov/unemploy/claims_arch.asp
Last checked: January 30, 2026
Current IUR: Below trigger threshold
When EB is active, eligible claimants are automatically enrolled after exhausting regular benefits.
Source: Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act § 202; Alabama Code § 25-4-75
Federal EB information: https://oui.doleta.gov/unemploy/eb.asp
Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA)
TAA program: Active (federal program)
Trade Adjustment Assistance provides benefits and services to workers who lose jobs due to foreign trade impact on their employer.
Eligibility:
Employer must be certified by U.S. Department of Labor as trade-affected. Workers must be part of certified worker group.
Benefits available:
- Trade Readjustment Allowances (TRA) – weekly allowances after regular unemployment exhausted, usually same amount as unemployment
- Training assistance – funding for approved training programs
- Job search allowances – reimbursement for job search expenses
- Relocation allowances – assistance with relocation for employment
- Health Coverage Tax Credit (HCTC) – tax credit for health insurance premiums
- Reemployment services
Training requirement:
To receive TRA benefits, workers must enroll in approved training within 26 weeks of petition certification or 26 weeks after last qualifying separation, whichever is later. Training waivers available in limited circumstances.
Alabama TAA coordinator:
Contact Alabama Career Center for TAA information and petition filing assistance.
Source: Trade Act of 1974, 19 U.S.C. § 2271
DOL TAA information: https://www.dol.gov/agencies/eta/tradeact
TAA benefits: https://labor.alabama.gov/uc/claims.aspx
Disaster Unemployment Assistance (DUA)
DUA availability: Available during federally declared disasters
Disaster Unemployment Assistance provides benefits to individuals who lost employment due to major disaster and are not eligible for regular unemployment insurance.
Activation: Only when President declares major disaster affecting Alabama
Eligibility:
- Lost employment as direct result of major disaster
- Not eligible for regular unemployment insurance
- Work or self-employment lost due to disaster
- Unable to reach place of employment due to disaster
Benefits:
- Weekly benefit amount calculated using standard unemployment formula or based on prior year income for self-employed
- Duration: Up to 26 weeks from disaster declaration date
- Application deadline: Typically 30 days after disaster declaration
Application: File through Alabama Department of Labor when disaster declarations occur. Special application procedures announced during disasters.
Source: Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief Act, 42 U.S.C. § 5177
FEMA DUA information: https://www.fema.gov/assistance/individual/program
Short-Time Compensation (Shared Work)
Program status: Alabama does not currently operate a Short-Time Compensation or Shared Work program.
Shared Work programs allow employers to reduce employee hours instead of layoffs, with employees receiving partial unemployment benefits proportional to hours reduced.
Alabama has not enacted Shared Work legislation as of January 2026.
Source: U.S. DOL state Shared Work program directory
Context: Alabama Compared to National Benchmarks
Alabama benefit levels in national context (2026):
- Maximum WBA: $275 (among the lowest of 50 states – ranked 49th)
- Duration: 14-20 weeks (variable, below standard 26 weeks most states provide)
- Unique features: Variable duration based on unemployment rate; one-week waiting period applies to first week of claim
National range:
- Highest maximum WBA: Massachusetts ($1,015)
- Lowest maximum WBA: Mississippi ($235)
- Most common duration: 26 weeks
- Most common minimum WBA: $40-$75
Alabama’s maximum weekly benefit amount of $275 has remained unchanged since January 1, 2020. The calculation method (average of two highest base period quarters divided by 26) and duration tied to unemployment rate make Alabama’s program notably less generous than most states.
Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Comparison of State UI Laws 2026
Interstate UI comparison: https://oui.doleta.gov/unemploy/comparison/
Resources
Alabama unemployment resources:
Alabama Department of Labor
Phone: 1-866-234-5382 (initial claims filing)
Phone: 1-800-361-4524 (Claimant Inquiry Line)
TTY: 1-800-548-2546
Website: https://labor.alabama.gov
Email: Contact through website
Alabama Claimant Portal
Online claims and certification: https://uiclaimantportal.labor.alabama.gov
Available 24/7 for claims filing, weekly certification, account management
Hearings and Appeals Division
Phone: 1-800-321-9323
Fax: (334) 956-5891 or 1-800-321-9323
Address: 649 Monroe Street, Room 4677, Montgomery, AL 36131
Website: https://adol.alabama.gov/divisions/unemployment-compensation/hearings-and-appeals/
Fraud Reporting Hotline
Phone: 1-855-234-2856
Email: TipHotline@workforce.alabama.gov
Alabama Career Center / Alabama Works
Website: https://alabamaworks.alabama.gov
Services: Job search, resume assistance, training information, work registration
Federal resources:
U.S. Department of Labor – Unemployment Insurance
Website: https://www.dol.gov/agencies/eta/unemployment-insurance
Purpose: Federal UI oversight, state program information
CareerOneStop
Website: https://www.careeronestop.org/
Purpose: Job search resources, training finder, career tools
Phone: 1-877-348-0502
IRS – Unemployment Compensation Taxation
Website: https://www.irs.gov/individuals/employees/unemployment-compensation
Purpose: Tax information, Form 1099-G questions
Source: Official government websites
Frequently Asked Questions: Alabama Unemployment Benefits 2026
What are unemployment benefits in Alabama?
Unemployment benefits in Alabama provide temporary weekly income replacement for eligible workers who lose employment through no fault of their own. The program is administered by Alabama Department of Labor and funded by employer taxes. Benefits range from $45 to $275 per week for 14-20 weeks depending on unemployment rate and individual wage history.
How much can I receive in unemployment benefits in Alabama?
Weekly benefits range from a minimum of $45 to a maximum of $275, calculated as the average of your two highest base period quarters divided by 26. The total amount available ranges from $630 to $5,500 depending on your weekly benefit amount and the number of weeks available (14-20 weeks based on unemployment rate).
How long does it take to get unemployment benefits in Alabama?
After filing an initial claim, monetary determination is typically issued within 7-10 days. If no eligibility issues exist, first payment arrives 3-4 weeks from filing, which includes the one-week waiting period. Weekly payments after that are received 2-3 business days after filing weekly certification.
Can I work part-time and still receive unemployment in Alabama?
Yes, you can work part-time and receive reduced unemployment benefits if your gross weekly earnings are less than your weekly benefit amount. Alabama allows you to earn up to one-third of your weekly benefit amount without reduction. Earnings above that threshold reduce benefits dollar-for-dollar. You must report all earnings when filing weekly certification.
What disqualifies you from unemployment in Alabama?
Disqualifications include: voluntary quit without good cause, discharge for misconduct, refusal of suitable work, positive drug test under employer policy, failure to actively search for work, and failure to be able and available for work. Most disqualifications require requalification by earning at least 8 times your weekly benefit amount in new covered employment.
How do I file for unemployment in Alabama?
File online through the Alabama Claimant Portal at https://uiclaimantportal.labor.alabama.gov (available 24/7) or by phone at 1-866-234-5382. You will need your Social Security number, driver’s license, complete employment history for the past 18 months, and bank account information for direct deposit. The process takes approximately 20-30 minutes.
Are unemployment benefits taxable in Alabama?
Unemployment benefits are taxable for federal income tax purposes but not for Alabama state income tax (Alabama has no state income tax). You will receive Form 1099-G by January 31 showing benefits received. You can elect to have 10% federal income tax withheld from each weekly payment.
How do I appeal an unemployment denial in Alabama?
File a written appeal within 15 calendar days of the mailing date on the determination notice. Appeals can be filed online through the Claimant Portal, by mail, or by fax to the Hearings and Appeals Division. Include your name, last four digits of Social Security number, and reason for disagreement. Continue filing weekly certifications while appeal is pending.
What is the waiting week in Alabama?
Alabama requires a one-week waiting period for new claims. The first week of unemployment is not paid even if you are eligible. You must file a weekly certification for the waiting week and meet all eligibility requirements, but no payment is issued. The waiting week applies to the first week of your claim.
How many work search activities are required in Alabama?
Alabama requires 3 work search contacts per week effective January 2023. Qualifying activities include job applications, interviews, job fairs, Career Center workshops, and resume updates. You must document each contact with employer name, date, method of contact, and results when filing weekly certification.
What is the base period in Alabama?
The base period is the first four of the last five completed calendar quarters before you file your claim. For example, if you file in January 2026, your base period is October 1, 2024 through September 30, 2025. Alabama allows an alternative base period (last four completed quarters) if you don’t qualify under the standard base period.
Can I receive unemployment if I quit my job in Alabama?
You may receive benefits if you quit for good cause. Good cause includes following a military spouse due to permanent relocation (with proof), documented health and safety issues, or constructive discharge. The burden of proof is on you to show good cause. Quitting for personal reasons like transportation or moving typically does not qualify as good cause.