Texas Unemployment Benefits 2026
⚠️Informational only — not legal or tax advice.
Last Updated: January 22, 2026
Last Reviewed: January 22, 2026
Applicable Period: 2026
Jurisdiction: State of Texas, United States
Update Schedule: Quarterly reviews in 2026; annual reviews thereafter
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Overview
- Who Is Eligible for Unemployment Benefits
- Who Is Not Eligible for Unemployment Benefits
- How Unemployment Benefit Amounts Are Calculated
- Unemployment Benefit Payment Schedule
- How to File an Unemployment Claim
- Required Documents and Information for Filing
- Weekly Certification and Ongoing Eligibility Requirements
- What Happens After Filing a Claim
- Reasons an Unemployment Claim May Be Denied
- How to Appeal an Unemployment Decision
- Unemployment Fraud, Penalties, and Overpayments
- Taxation of Unemployment Benefits
- Special Unemployment Programs
- Compared to National Benchmarks
- Resources
- FAQ
Introduction
Unemployment benefits in Texas provide temporary income replacement for eligible workers who lose employment through no fault of their own. The program is administered by the Texas Workforce Commission and funded through employer taxes under state and federal law.
Program authority: Texas Unemployment Compensation Act, Texas Labor Code Title 4
Administering agency: Texas Workforce Commission (TWC)
Official website: https://www.twc.texas.gov/programs/unemployment-benefits
This guide provides comprehensive information on Texas unemployment benefits for 2026, including eligibility requirements, benefit amounts, filing procedures, weekly certification requirements, and appeal processes. All information is compiled from official government sources.
Sources: Texas statutes, Texas Workforce Commission official guidance, U.S. Department of Labor
| Texas Unemployment Benefits – 2026 Quick Reference | ||
|---|---|---|
| Category | 2026 Information | Official Source |
| Maximum Weekly Benefit | $605 | Texas Labor Code § 207.005 |
| Minimum Weekly Benefit | $75 | Texas Labor Code § 207.005 |
| Standard Duration | 26 weeks | Texas Labor Code § 207.002 |
| Waiting Week Required | No | Texas Labor Code § 207.007 |
| Filing Portal | Unemployment Benefits Services (UBS) | https://www.twc.texas.gov/services/apply-benefits |
| Certification Frequency | Biweekly | TWC Official Guidance |
| Work Search Required | Varies by county (typically 3 per week) | Texas Administrative Code § 815.28 |
| Appeal Deadline | 14 days from mailing date | Texas Labor Code § 212.053 |
| Payment Methods | Direct deposit, debit card, check | TWC Payment Information |
| Tax Withholding Available | Federal: Yes (10%) / State: No (Texas has no income tax) | TWC Tax Information |
ℹ️ Key Unemployment Insurance Terms
Common terms used throughout this guide:
Claimant - Individual filing for unemployment benefits Base Period - First four of the last five completed calendar quarters before filing claim (used to determine monetary eligibility) Benefit Year - 52-week period beginning when claim is filed Weekly Benefit Amount (WBA) - Amount payable each week if eligible ($75-$605 in Texas) Maximum Benefit Amount (MBA) - Total benefits available during benefit year Monetary Determination - Decision on benefit amounts based on wage history Non-Monetary Determination - Decision on eligibility based on separation reason and ongoing requirements Adjudication - Investigation and decision-making process for eligibility issues Suitable Work - Employment appropriate for claimant's skills, experience, and labor market conditions Overpayment - Benefits paid that claimant was not entitled to receive TWC - Texas Workforce Commission - state agency administering unemployment benefits UBS - Unemployment Benefits Services - online portal for filing claims and requesting payments Tele-Serv - Automated telephone system for requesting payments and checking claim status (800-558-8321) Work Search Activities - Qualifying job search efforts required each week (typically 3 per week in Texas) Disqualification - Period during which claimant is ineligible for benefits due to specific circumstances Good Cause - Legally acceptable reason for voluntary separation or refusing work Misconduct - Work-related behavior that results in discharge and benefit disqualification Appeal Tribunal - Hearing officer who conducts unemployment appeals hearings Fact-Finding Interview - Phone interview to gather information about eligibility issuesSource: Texas Workforce Commission terminology guide
Overview of Unemployment Benefits in Texas
Program Purpose
Unemployment insurance in Texas provides temporary income replacement for workers who become unemployed through no fault of their own. The program operates as a federal-state partnership, with Texas administering benefits according to state law while meeting federal requirements.
Legal framework:
- State law: Texas Unemployment Compensation Act (TUCA), Texas Labor Code Title 4
- Federal law: Federal Unemployment Tax Act (FUTA), 26 U.S.C. § 3301
- Funding: Employer payroll taxes (no employee contribution)
The Texas Unemployment Compensation Act and other state and federal laws and regulations govern the Unemployment Benefits program. Employer-paid state unemployment taxes and reimbursements pay for state unemployment benefits. The U.S. Department of Labor allocates funds from the Federal Unemployment Tax Act to the states to pay for administrative and operational costs.
Source: Texas Labor Code Title 4; FUTA at https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title26-section3301
Administering Agency
Texas Workforce Commission (TWC)
Texas’s unemployment insurance program is administered by the Texas Workforce Commission.
Contact information:
- Website: https://www.twc.texas.gov/programs/unemployment-benefits
- Claims filing portal: https://www.twc.texas.gov/services/apply-benefits
- Phone: 800-939-6631 (Tele-Center)
- TTY: Relay Texas – 711
- Hours: Monday-Friday, 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM Central Time
- Tele-Serv (automated): 800-558-8321 (available 24/7)
- Mailing address: Texas Workforce Commission, 101 East 15th Street, Austin, TX 78778
Source: TWC official website
Who Is Eligible for Unemployment Benefits in Texas
Employment Status Requirements
To qualify for unemployment benefits in Texas, individuals must have worked in covered employment during the base period.
Covered employment definition:
According to Texas Labor Code, covered employment means service performed for wages under any contract of hire, written or oral, express or implied. Covered employment generally includes most private sector jobs, government positions, and nonprofit organizations with sufficient employee counts.
Excluded categories:
- Independent contractors (unless misclassified)
- Self-employed individuals (unless participating in optional coverage)
- Certain agricultural workers earning below specified thresholds
- Domestic workers in private homes earning below threshold
- Certain casual labor
- Elected officials in government positions
- Students working for educational institution while enrolled
- Real estate agents and insurance agents paid solely on commission
- Employees of immediate family members
Source: Texas Labor Code § 201.041 (employment definitions) and § 201.042 (excluded services)
Official text: https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov/Docs/LA/htm/LA.201.htm
Earnings and Work History Requirements
Base Period Definition:
The base period in Texas is the first four of the last five completed calendar quarters before filing the claim.
Example: Claim filed in January 2026
- Base period: October 1, 2024 – September 30, 2025
- Alternative base period (if standard fails): January 1, 2025 – December 31, 2025
Source: Texas Labor Code § 207.002
Minimum Monetary Requirements:
To qualify monetarily for benefits in Texas, claimants must meet ALL of the following wage requirements:
- Total base period wages: Minimum wages sufficient to produce a weekly benefit amount of at least $75
- Wages in at least two quarters: Must have wages in at least two quarters of the base period
- Sufficient earnings relative to WBA: Total base period wages must be at least 37 times the weekly benefit amount
- If previously qualified: If you qualified for benefits on a prior claim, you must have earned at least six times your new weekly benefit amount since that time
Weekly Benefit Amount (WBA) calculation: The WBA is calculated by dividing the wages in the highest quarter of the base period by 25 and rounding to the nearest dollar. The result must fall between $75 and $605.
Alternative base period: Texas allows use of alternative base period if the standard base period fails to qualify. The alternative base period consists of the last four completed calendar quarters. You must have filed your initial claim no later than 24 months after the date that illness, injury, disability, or pregnancy began if using an alternative base period for medical reasons.
Source: Texas Labor Code § 207.002 (base period), § 207.003 (wage requirements), § 207.005 (WBA calculation)
Benefit calculator: https://apps.twc.texas.gov/UBS/benefitsEstimator.do (provides estimate only, not official determination)
Separation From Employment Requirements
Qualifying vs Disqualifying Separations:
Qualifying separations (eligible for benefits):
The following types of job separation qualify for unemployment benefits in Texas:
- Layoff due to lack of work
- Business closure or downsizing
- Position elimination
- Reduction in hours below full-time
- Temporary layoff with indefinite recall
- Discharge not due to misconduct connected with the work
- Constructive discharge (forced to quit due to intolerable working conditions)
Disqualifying separations:
According to Texas Labor Code § 207.044 through § 207.051, benefits are denied if unemployment results from:
1. Voluntary quit without good cause
- Definition: Leaving employment voluntarily without work-related reason considered good cause under state law.
- Disqualification period: Six weeks from the date of separation. The disqualification ends when the individual returns to work and earns wages equal to at least six times the weekly benefit amount, or works at least 30 hours per week for six weeks, and becomes partially or totally unemployed through no fault of their own.
2. Discharge for misconduct connected with work
- Definition: Mismanagement of a position of employment by action or inaction, neglect that jeopardizes the life or property of another, intentional wrongdoing or malfeasance, intentional violation of a law, or violation of a policy or rule adopted to ensure orderly work and the safety of employees.
- Disqualification period: Six to 25 weeks, depending on the severity of the misconduct. The maximum benefit amount is also reduced by the number of disqualified weeks.
3. Refusal of suitable work
- Definition: Declining job offer meeting definition of suitable work without good cause.
- Disqualification period: Six weeks. The disqualification ends when the individual earns wages equal to six times the weekly benefit amount or works 30 hours per week for six weeks.
4. Labor dispute participation
- Definition: Not available for work because of a labor dispute at the individual’s place of employment.
- Disqualification period: Duration of the dispute.
5. Receiving certain additional payments
- Definition: Receiving wages in lieu of notice or severance pay.
- Disqualification period: While receiving such payments.
Good cause exceptions:
Texas recognizes the following as “good cause” for voluntary separation:
- Separation to move with a spouse as part of a military permanent change of station (PCS)
- Separation due to medically verified illness or disability preventing continuation of work
- Separation due to documented sexual harassment or violence in the workplace
- Separation to protect self or family member from family violence
- Separation due to compelling family circumstances
- Separation because of unsafe working conditions that employer refused to correct
Source: Texas Labor Code § 207.044 (voluntary leaving), § 207.044(a) (misconduct definition), § 207.045 (refusal of suitable work), § 207.051 (labor disputes)
Official text: https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov/Docs/LA/htm/LA.207.htm
Who Is Not Eligible for Unemployment Benefits in Texas
The following categories of workers are generally not covered by Texas’s unemployment insurance program:
Categorical exclusions:
1. Self-employed individuals Individuals working for themselves are not covered unless they elect optional coverage where available. Self-employed individuals do not pay into the unemployment insurance system and therefore cannot collect benefits.
2. Independent contractors Workers classified as independent contractors rather than employees are not covered. Note: Misclassified workers may appeal classification and establish they were actually employees.
3. Certain students Students employed by educational institution at which they are enrolled and regularly attending classes are excluded from coverage.
4. Domestic workers earning below threshold Individuals employed in domestic service in a private home earning less than $1,000 per quarter for a single employer are excluded.
5. Agricultural workers earning below threshold Certain agricultural workers whose employer does not meet specified wage thresholds are excluded.
6. Real estate and insurance agents Licensed real estate agents and insurance agents compensated solely by commission are excluded from coverage.
7. Newspaper carriers and vendors Individuals engaged in delivering or distributing newspapers or shopping news are excluded if paid on commission basis.
8. Federal civilian employees Covered under Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE) program, not state UI. Federal employees file claims with the state where they worked, but benefits are paid under federal program rules.
UCFE information: https://www.dol.gov/agencies/eta/unemployment-insurance/ucfe-ucx
9. Military personnel Covered under Unemployment Compensation for Ex-Servicemembers (UCX) program. Ex-military personnel file claims with the state where they worked on active duty.
UCX information: https://www.dol.gov/agencies/eta/unemployment-insurance/ucfe-ucx
10. Employees of immediate family Services performed by individuals employed by their child, spouse, or parent are excluded.
11. Elected officials Elected officials in government positions are excluded from unemployment insurance coverage.
Source: Texas Labor Code § 201.042 (excluded services), § 201.043 (domestic service), § 201.044 (agricultural labor)
Federal programs: 5 U.S.C. § 8501 (UCFE); 5 U.S.C. § 8521 (UCX)
How Unemployment Benefit Amounts Are Calculated in Texas
Weekly Benefit Amount (WBA)
Calculation formula:
Texas calculates the weekly benefit amount using the following statutory formula:
WBA = (Highest Quarter Wages ÷ 25) rounded to nearest dollar
The result must fall within the minimum and maximum limits established by statute.
For 2026:
- Minimum WBA: $75
- Maximum WBA: $605
- Average WBA: Approximately $475 (based on 2025 data)
Example calculation:
Claimant with the following base period wages:
- Quarter 1 (Oct-Dec 2024): $8,500
- Quarter 2 (Jan-Mar 2025): $9,200 (highest quarter)
- Quarter 3 (Apr-Jun 2025): $8,800
- Quarter 4 (Jul-Sep 2025): $9,000
Calculation: $9,200 ÷ 25 = $368 Weekly Benefit Amount: $368
Partial unemployment:
Claimants working part-time may receive reduced benefits. Texas allows earnings up to 25% of the weekly benefit amount without benefit reduction. Benefits are reduced dollar-for-dollar for earnings above this threshold.
Earnings disregard: If WBA is $400, claimant can earn up to $100 (25% of $400) without reduction. If earnings are $150, benefits are reduced by $50 ($150 – $100 = $50). Payment would be $350 ($400 – $50).
Complete disqualification for the week: If earnings equal or exceed the weekly benefit amount plus 25%, no benefits are payable for that week. Using the example above, if earnings are $500 or more ($400 + $100), no benefits are paid for that week.
Source: Texas Labor Code § 207.003 (earnings disregard), § 207.005 (benefit calculation), § 207.021 (partial benefits)
Last updated: January 2026
Official calculator: https://apps.twc.texas.gov/UBS/benefitsEstimator.do (estimate only, not official determination)
Maximum Benefit Amount and Duration
Maximum benefit amount (MBA):
The maximum benefit amount is the total benefits available during the benefit year, calculated as the LESSER of:
- 26 times the weekly benefit amount, OR
- 27% of total base period wages
Standard benefit duration: 26 weeks
Maximum total benefits (2026): $15,730 (based on maximum WBA of $605 × 26 weeks, if wage requirements support this amount)
Benefit year:
Benefits are payable for up to 26 weeks within a 52-week benefit year. The benefit year begins the Sunday of the week in which the claim is filed (the “effective date”). Once a benefit year is established, claimants must exhaust that benefit year before filing a new claim, even if they return to work and become unemployed again during that year.
Extended Benefits (EB) program:
Additional weeks of benefits may be available when Texas’s unemployment rate triggers the federal-state Extended Benefits program. EB provides up to 13 additional weeks (50% of regular UI claim’s maximum benefit amount).
EB trigger requirements: The Extended Benefits program activates when the average total unemployment rate in Texas (seasonally adjusted) exceeds 6.5% or more for a three-month period. The U.S. Secretary of Labor determines this rate using the most recent three-month period that has published data available for all U.S. states.
Current EB status: Inactive as of January 2026
Status verification: https://www.twc.texas.gov/programs/unemployment-benefits/extended-unemployment-benefits
Source: Texas Labor Code § 207.002 (duration), § 209.022 (Extended Benefits); 20 C.F.R. § 615 (federal EB regulations)
EB status: TWC Extended Benefits page, verified January 22, 2026
Dependents Allowance
Texas does not provide dependent allowances for unemployment benefits. The weekly benefit amount is based solely on the claimant’s base period wages and is not increased for dependent children or other family members.
Source: Texas statutes reviewed; no dependent allowance provisions found in Texas Labor Code Title 4
Unemployment Benefit Payment Schedule in Texas
| Payment Process and Timeline | ||
|---|---|---|
| Phase | Timeframe | Details |
| Biweekly Certification Window | Every two weeks on assigned day | Request payment for previous two-week period; available online 24/7 or by phone |
| Processing Time | 2–3 business days | Time for TWC to process certification and verify eligibility |
| Payment Authorization | Within 1 business day after processing | Payment approved and sent to payment method |
| Direct Deposit | 2–3 business days after certification | Funds available in bank account (typically two separate weekly payments) |
| Debit Card | 2–3 business days after certification | Funds loaded to TWC debit card (typically two separate weekly deposits) |
| Paper Check | 7–10 business days after certification | Check mailed to address on file |
| Total Timeline | 2–4 weeks from filing | Typical time from initial claim to first payment (includes processing of monetary and non-monetary determinations) |
Payment structure:
Although claimants request payment biweekly, TWC pays benefits on a weekly basis. After each biweekly payment request, eligible claimants receive two separate payments – one for each week of the two-week period. These payments typically post 1-3 days apart depending on payment method.
Waiting week impact:
Texas does not require a waiting period. Benefits are payable beginning with the first week of unemployment if all eligibility requirements are met. Claimants do not forfeit the first week of benefits.
Assigned payment request day:
When filing an initial claim, TWC assigns each claimant a specific day of the week (Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, or Wednesday) to request payment. Claimants must request payment every two weeks on this assigned day. If the assigned day is missed, payment can be requested during the same calendar week on Thursday, Friday, or Saturday (open filing days).
Source: Texas Labor Code § 207.007 (no waiting week); TWC payment timeline information
Payment schedule page: https://www.twc.texas.gov/programs/unemployment-benefits/request-benefit-payments
How to File an Unemployment Claim in Texas
Online Filing (Primary Method)
Filing portal: Unemployment Benefits Services (UBS)
URL: https://www.twc.texas.gov/services/apply-benefits
Availability: 24 hours a day, 7 days a week
Step-by-step filing process:
- Access the portal – Navigate to Unemployment Benefits Services and select “Apply for Benefits”
- Create or log in to account – Use existing TWC User ID or create new account with email address and password
- Verify identity – Provide Social Security number, driver’s license or state ID number, and answer identity verification questions (TWC uses ID.me for identity verification)
- Enter personal information – Provide name, date of birth, address, contact information, citizenship status
- Provide employment history – List all employers during past 18 months with:
- Employer name, address, and phone number
- Employment dates (start and end dates)
- Reason for separation
- Last day physically worked
- Rate of pay and hours worked
- Answer eligibility questions – Complete questions about availability for work, work search capability, and potential disqualifying issues
- Select payment method – Choose direct deposit (provide bank account information), debit card, or check
- Review and submit claim – Verify all information is accurate and submit application
Required information:
- Social Security number
- Driver’s license or state-issued ID number
- Complete employment history for last 18 months
- Employer names, addresses, phone numbers, and dates of employment
- Reason for separation from each employer
- Bank account information for direct deposit (routing and account number) – optional
- Alien registration number (if not U.S. citizen or permanent resident)
Processing:
Claims are typically processed within two to four weeks. TWC sends monetary and non-monetary determinations by mail (or electronically if enrolled in electronic correspondence). Claimants may continue to request payment every two weeks while waiting for determinations.
Source: TWC filing instructions
Official guide: https://www.twc.texas.gov/sites/default/files/ui/docs/unemployment-benefits-handbook-twc.pdf
Tutorial: Available at https://www.twc.texas.gov/services/apply-benefits
Phone Filing
Telephone filing: Not available for initial claims
Texas requires all initial unemployment claims to be filed online through Unemployment Benefits Services. Phone service is available only for questions, technical assistance, and certain post-filing actions, not for filing initial claims.
Tele-Center for assistance: 800-939-6631
Hours: Monday-Friday, 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM Central Time
TTY: Relay Texas – 711
Automated Tele-Serv (for payment requests only): 800-558-8321
Availability: 24 hours a day, 7 days a week
Source: TWC contact information
Required Documents and Information for Filing
Personal identification:
- Social Security number or Social Security card
- Driver’s license or state-issued identification card
- Date of birth
- Current mailing address
- Contact information (phone number and email address)
- Citizenship or immigration status documentation
Employment documentation:
- Last employer information: name, complete address, phone number, dates of employment
- Reason for separation from last employer
- Last day physically worked
- Separation documents if available: layoff letter, termination notice, furlough notice, reduction in force notification
- Information for ALL employers in last 18 months: names, addresses, employment dates
For federal employees:
- SF-8 (Notice to Federal Employee About Unemployment Insurance) or SF-50 (Notification of Personnel Action)
- Federal agency name and address
- Duty station location
For military personnel:
- DD Form 214 (Certificate of Release or Discharge from Active Duty)
- Military branch and service dates
Banking information (for direct deposit – optional):
- Bank name
- Bank routing number (9 digits)
- Account number
- Account type (checking or savings)
Additional documentation (if applicable):
- Work authorization documents for non-U.S. citizens (Permanent Resident Card, Employment Authorization Document)
- Union membership information and union name (if union member)
- Professional license numbers (if licensed in regulated profession)
Most documents can be uploaded through the online portal after filing the initial claim if requested by TWC during the adjudication process.
Source: TWC filing requirements
Document checklist: https://www.twc.texas.gov/services/apply-benefits
Weekly Certification and Ongoing Eligibility Requirements
Certification Process
Certification frequency: Biweekly (every two weeks)
Filing window: Assigned day each two-week period, with open filing days (Thursday-Saturday) available if assigned day missed
Method: Online through Unemployment Benefits Services (UBS) at https://www.twc.texas.gov/services/apply-benefits, or by phone through Tele-Serv at 800-558-8321
Each biweekly payment request requires answering questions about the previous two-week period:
- Were you able to work and available for work each day?
- Did you look for work as required?
- Did you refuse any job offers or referrals?
- Did you work or earn any money? (If yes, report gross earnings and hours worked for each week)
- Were you attending school or training?
- Did you receive any other income? (workers’ compensation, retirement pension, severance pay)
- Are you still unemployed or working reduced hours?
Reporting requirements:
Claimants must report ALL earnings and hours worked for each week, regardless of when payment is received. Report gross earnings (before taxes and deductions). Failure to accurately report earnings constitutes fraud and can result in overpayment, penalties, and criminal prosecution.
Late filing:
Payment requests filed after the assigned week may result in delayed or denied benefits. Texas law allows TWC to deny payment for weeks where the request was not timely filed. File within the calendar week when payment is due.
Source: Texas Labor Code § 207.021 (continuing claim requirements); TWC certification instructions
Certification guide: https://www.twc.texas.gov/programs/unemployment-benefits/request-benefit-payments
Work Search Requirements
Required work search activities:
According to Texas Administrative Code § 815.28 and Texas Labor Code § 207.021, claimants must actively search for work and complete a minimum number of qualifying work search activities per week. The specific number required varies by county and labor market conditions.
Typical requirement: Most Texas counties require 3 work search activities per week. TWC mails each claimant a letter specifying their exact weekly work search requirement based on county of residence.
Qualifying activities:
- Submitting job application to potential employer (online, in person, by mail)
- Attending job interview
- Attending job fair or hiring event
- Registering with WorkInTexas.com (counts once per claim)
- Creating professional resume or updating existing resume (counts once per claim)
- Attending workforce center workshop or job search assistance session
- Contacting employers to inquire about job openings
- Participating in approved training program
- Contacting employment agencies or recruiters
- Taking skills assessment or career aptitude test
- Networking activities with professional contacts for job leads
Work search activities must be substantive efforts to find suitable work. TWC may disqualify activities deemed insufficient.
Documentation required:
For each work search activity, claimants must record:
- Date of activity
- Employer name and complete address (or website URL)
- Contact person name and method of contact (phone, email, in-person, online application)
- Type of activity performed
- Position applied for or job title discussed
- Result or outcome of activity
Work search log: Claimants must maintain a detailed work search log and keep records for the entire benefit year. TWC provides an official work search log form available at: https://www.twc.texas.gov/programs/unemployment-benefits/work-search-requirements
Audit process:
TWC conducts random audits of work search activities. Selected claimants receive notice requiring submission of work search documentation within 7 days. Documentation must be submitted through the online UI Submission Portal, by fax, or by mail as instructed. Failure to provide adequate documentation may result in benefit denial and potential overpayment for weeks not meeting work search requirements.
Exemptions:
The following claimants are exempt from work search requirements:
1. Temporary layoff with definite recall date
- Employer provided written recall date within 12 weeks of layoff date
- Claimant must maintain contact with employer
- Recall date must be documented in TWC records
- Exemption ends if recall date passes or employer cancels recall
2. Union hiring hall members
- Member in good standing with union operating bona fide hiring hall
- Registered with hiring hall and available for dispatch
- Union must have standard dispatch procedures
- Documentation of union membership and hiring hall registration required
3. Approved training program participants
- Enrolled in TWC-approved training program
- Training must be full-time (typically 20+ hours per week)
- Training must enhance employment opportunities
- Approval must be obtained before enrollment – contact local Workforce Solutions office
4. Self-employed individuals returning to self-employment
- Individuals previously self-employed who plan to return to self-employment
- Must document ongoing efforts to resume business operations
- If not returning to self-employment, standard work search requirements apply
5. Shared Work program participants
- Employees participating in approved Shared Work plan (if program is active)
- Employer maintains Shared Work agreement with TWC
Each exemption requires verification and approval by TWC. Claimants must apply for exemption and provide documentation. Exemptions are not automatic.
Source: Texas Labor Code § 207.021 (work search); Texas Administrative Code § 815.28 (work search requirements)
Work search guide: https://www.twc.texas.gov/programs/unemployment-benefits/work-search-requirements
County requirements: https://www.twc.texas.gov/programs/unemployment-benefits/required-number-work-search-activities-county
Exemption information: Contact TWC Tele-Center at 800-939-6631
Suitable Work Requirements
Definition of suitable work:
According to Texas statute, suitable work is employment that the claimant is reasonably fitted by training and experience to perform. TWC determines if work is suitable based on:
- Individual’s training, experience, and skills
- Length of unemployment
- Type of work previously performed
- Distance from residence to place of employment
- Prevailing wage rates and working conditions in the labor market
- Individual’s prospects for obtaining local work in customary occupation
- Physical fitness for the work
- Health and safety considerations
Wage requirements:
During the first 8 weeks of unemployment, claimants must be willing to accept suitable work paying at least 90% of previous wage. After 8 weeks of unemployment, claimants must be willing to accept suitable work paying at least 75% of previous wage.
Consequences of refusing suitable work:
Refusal of suitable work without good cause results in disqualification for 6 weeks. The disqualification ends when the individual earns wages equal to six times the weekly benefit amount or works at least 30 hours per week for six weeks.
Good cause for refusing work:
Good cause to refuse work exists when:
- Work poses risk to health, safety, or morals
- Work is vacant directly because of strike, lockout, or other labor dispute
- Wages, hours, or other conditions are substantially less favorable than those prevailing for similar work in the locality
- Individual would be required to join company union or resign from or refrain from joining any bona fide labor organization
Source: Texas Labor Code § 207.008 (suitable work), § 207.045 (refusal of work)
What Happens After Filing a Claim
Claim processing steps:
1. Initial claim received TWC receives the application and begins processing. Claimant receives confirmation number.
2. Employer notification TWC mails “Notice of Application for Unemployment Benefits” to the last employer and any employer whose wages are being used in the claim. Employers have 14 days from the mail date to respond with separation information and contest the claim if applicable.
3. Monetary determination issued Document showing base period wages, weekly benefit amount, maximum benefit amount, and benefit year dates. Issued within 7-10 days of filing claim.
Monetary determination includes:
- Base period wages by quarter and employer
- Weekly benefit amount (WBA)
- Maximum benefit amount (MBA)
- Benefit year beginning and ending dates
- Appeal rights and deadline
4. Non-monetary determination (if needed) Issued when eligibility questions exist regarding separation from employment, availability for work, or other potentially disqualifying issues.
Investigation process for non-monetary issues:
- TWC schedules fact-finding interview (typically by phone)
- Claimant and employer provide information and evidence
- Additional documentation may be requested
- Determination issued with findings, decision, and appeal rights
- Timeline varies (typically 2-4 weeks for complex cases)
5. Payment authorization If claim is approved with no disqualifying issues, claimant becomes eligible for payment. Must continue to request payment biweekly and meet all ongoing requirements.
Typical timeline:
- Monetary determination: 7-10 days after filing
- Non-monetary determination: 2-4 weeks if required (varies by case complexity)
- First payment: 2-4 weeks if no issues; longer if adjudication required
Source: TWC claims processing information
Processing timeline: https://www.twc.texas.gov/programs/unemployment-benefits/eligibility-benefit-amounts
Reasons an Unemployment Claim May Be Denied
Monetary denial:
Claims denied for insufficient wages during the base period:
- Total base period wages insufficient to qualify (less than 37 times the calculated WBA)
- Wages in fewer than two quarters
- Highest quarter wages too low to produce minimum WBA of $75
- Previously drew benefits and have not earned six times the new WBA since establishing prior claim
Claimants denied for insufficient wages may reapply using alternative base period if they worked during the most recent completed quarters.
Non-monetary denial (disqualifications):
1. Voluntary quit without good cause
- Disqualification: 6 weeks minimum
- Must earn 6 times WBA or work 30 hours/week for 6 weeks to requalify
- Maximum benefit amount not reduced
2. Discharge for misconduct connected with work
- Disqualification: 6 to 25 weeks depending on severity
- Maximum benefit amount reduced by number of disqualified weeks
- Must earn wages equal to 6 times WBA or work 30 hours/week for 6 weeks
3. Refusal of suitable work without good cause
- Disqualification: 6 weeks
- Must earn 6 times WBA or work 30 hours/week for 6 weeks to requalify
4. Failure to meet work search requirements
- Disqualification: Week(s) of non-compliance
- No payment for weeks where work search was not adequately performed
- May result in overpayment if payments already received
5. Not able or available for work
- Disqualification: Until requirements met and individual becomes able and available
- Includes attending school full-time without TWC approval
- Physical or mental inability to work without medical documentation
6. Receiving disqualifying income
- Severance pay or wages in lieu of notice
- Certain additional payments from employer
- Workers’ compensation temporary income benefits
- Disqualification: Duration of payment receipt
7. Labor dispute
- Not available for work due to labor dispute at place of employment
- Disqualification: Duration of labor dispute
Administrative denial:
- Incomplete application or missing required information
- Failure to provide requested documentation
- Missed scheduled fact-finding interview without good cause
- Identity verification failure
- Non-response to TWC requests for information within specified timeframes
- Filing late (more than 24 months after separation in most cases)
Source: Texas Labor Code § 207.044 through § 207.051 (disqualification provisions)
Denial information: https://www.twc.texas.gov/programs/unemployment-benefits/eligibility-benefit-amounts
How to Appeal an Unemployment Decision in Texas
Appeal Deadlines (CRITICAL SECTION)
Filing deadline: 14 calendar days from the date TWC mailed the determination
CRITICAL: Appeals must be filed within 14 calendar days of the date the determination was mailed (shown on the notice), NOT the date received. The mailing date appears at the top of the determination form, and the appeal deadline is printed at the bottom of the form.
Calculation: If determination mailed on January 15, 2026, the appeal deadline is January 29, 2026.
Postmark rule: Appeals mailed must be postmarked on or before the deadline. Hand delivery to TWC Workforce Solutions office is accepted and must be time-stamped on or before the deadline.
Holiday/weekend extension: If the 14th day falls on a federal or state holiday or weekend, the deadline extends to the next business day.
Late appeals: TWC may accept late appeals if claimant demonstrates good cause for late filing. Good cause typically requires showing circumstances beyond claimant’s control prevented timely filing (examples: serious illness, hospitalization, natural disaster, postal service error). Claimant must explain reason for lateness and provide supporting documentation.
Source: Texas Labor Code § 212.053 (appeal deadlines); 40 TAC § 815.32 (timeliness rules)
Appeal Filing Process
How to file appeal:
Online (fastest method): https://www.twc.texas.gov/services/file-unemployment-appeal
- Fastest method with electronic confirmation
- Upload supporting documents immediately
- Available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week
Mail:
Commission Appeals
Texas Workforce Commission
101 East 15th Street, Room 406
Austin, TX 78778-0001
Fax: 512-475-1135
In-person: Any Workforce Solutions office during business hours
- Find office locations: https://www.twc.texas.gov/programs/unemployment-benefits/appeals-program
Email: Cannot file appeal by email (not accepted)
Required information:
- Claimant name and Social Security number
- Determination being appealed (include document control number from determination notice)
- Clear statement of disagreement (“I appeal” or “I disagree with this decision”)
- Reason for disagreement (may be brief)
- Signature and date
- Contact information (phone number and current address)
Appeal form: No specific form required. Written statement with required information is sufficient. Sample form available at: https://www.twc.texas.gov/services/file-unemployment-appeal
Confirmation: Keep proof of filing – confirmation number for online appeals, fax transmission confirmation for faxed appeals, certified mail receipt for mailed appeals.
Effect of appeal: Filing a timely appeal preserves the claimant’s right to a hearing. If appealing a denial of benefits, claimant will not receive benefits while appeal is pending unless they ultimately prevail. If appealing an overpayment, collection efforts may continue during the appeal process.
Source: Texas Labor Code § 212.051 (appeals procedure); TWC appeals process page
Official URL: https://www.twc.texas.gov/services/file-unemployment-appeal
Hearing Process
Hearing notification:
Notice of hearing mailed at least 10 days before scheduled hearing date. The notice includes:
- Date and time of hearing
- Hearing method (telephone, video, or in-person)
- Parties involved (claimant, employer, TWC representative)
- Issues to be decided
- Instructions for submitting evidence
- Phone number or connection information
- Hearing officer name
Hearing format:
- Type: Primarily telephone hearings; video or in-person available in limited circumstances
- Officer: Appeal Tribunal (Hearing Officer) appointed by TWC
- Duration: Typically 30-60 minutes, may be longer for complex cases
- Recording: All hearings are recorded for appeal purposes
Evidence submission:
Deadline: At least 3 business days before hearing (no strict deadline but late submission may not be considered)
Method: Upload through UBS portal, fax to number on hearing notice, mail to address on hearing notice
Requirement: All parties receive copies of evidence submitted
Accepted formats: Documents, photographs, medical records, employment records, correspondence, wage statements
Preparing for hearing:
- Organize documents chronologically
- Prepare written timeline of events
- Identify witnesses and confirm their availability
- Test phone or video connection before hearing
- Have all documents readily accessible
- Write notes of key points to address
Hearing procedures:
- Call-in/connection: All parties call in or connect at scheduled time using information provided in notice
- Introduction: Hearing officer explains process, identifies parties, confirms all can hear clearly
- Issue identification: Hearing officer states the specific issues to be decided
- Oath: All witnesses sworn in under penalty of perjury
- Claimant testimony: Claimant presents evidence and testimony first (unless employer is appealing)
- Cross-examination: Opposing party may ask questions
- Employer testimony: Employer presents evidence and testimony
- Cross-examination: Claimant may ask questions
- Witness testimony: Additional witnesses for each side, if any
- Document review: Hearing officer reviews submitted evidence
- Closing statements: Each party may make brief closing statement
- Hearing concluded: Hearing officer closes record
Witness participation:
Witnesses must be available by phone at the scheduled hearing time. Parties provide witnesses with the call-in information. Hearing officers have authority to issue subpoenas for witnesses or documents, but subpoena requests must be made in advance and must demonstrate relevance to the issues.
Failure to participate:
If claimant fails to participate in scheduled hearing without good cause, the hearing officer may dismiss the appeal or decide based on available evidence. If employer fails to participate, hearing proceeds without employer input. Parties who miss hearing may request to reopen within 14 days, but must show good cause for non-participation.
Decision:
Written decision issued within 7-10 days after hearing, mailed to all parties. Decision includes:
- Findings of fact (what the hearing officer determined happened)
- Conclusions of law (how the law applies to the facts)
- Decision (whether claimant is eligible for benefits)
- Reasoning and analysis
- Appeal rights to next level
- Deadline for further appeal (14 days from mail date)
Payment of benefits:
If claimant wins appeal, TWC pays benefits retroactively for all weeks claimed during the appeal period, minus any disqualified weeks. If claimant loses appeal, any benefits paid pending appeal become an overpayment that must be repaid.
Source: Texas Labor Code § 212.051 through § 212.053 (hearing procedures); 40 TAC § 815.31 through § 815.33 (appeals rules)
Hearing guide: https://www.twc.texas.gov/services/file-unemployment-appeal
Further Appeals
Second-level appeal (Commission Appeal):
Appeals of hearing officer decisions may be filed with the Commission (three-member review panel).
Deadline: 14 calendar days from the date TWC mailed the hearing officer’s decision
Method: Written appeal to Commission Appeals at same address/fax as initial appeals. Use online portal: https://www.twc.texas.gov/services/file-unemployment-appeal
Review type: Record review only – no new hearing. Commission reviews the recorded testimony from the initial hearing and the hearing officer’s decision. Parties may submit written arguments but cannot present new evidence or testimony.
Decision timeline: Typically 2-4 weeks after appeal filed
Decision: Commission may affirm, reverse, or modify the hearing officer’s decision. Written decision mailed to all parties with further appeal rights.
Motion for Rehearing (Optional):
Parties may request Commission rehearing within 14 days of Commission decision mailing date. Motion granted only if party demonstrates:
- Commission decision contains error of law or fact
- Newly discovered evidence exists that could not have been discovered before the Commission decision
- Commission decision is against the great weight and preponderance of the evidence
Judicial appeal (District Court):
Final administrative decisions may be appealed to district court.
Deadline: Between 15 and 28 calendar days after the date TWC mailed the Commission decision
Jurisdiction: District court in Travis County (Austin) or county where claimant resides
Representation: Legal counsel available at claimant’s own expense
Filing requirements: Must exhaust all administrative appeals (hearing officer and Commission) before filing judicial appeal. Motion for Rehearing is optional and not required.
Standard of review: Court reviews whether Commission’s decision is supported by substantial evidence and whether TWC followed proper procedures. Court does not conduct new hearing.
Source: Texas Labor Code § 212.103 (Commission appeals), § 212.104 (Motion for Rehearing), § 212.151 through § 212.157 (judicial review)
Unemployment Fraud, Penalties, and Overpayments
Fraud Definition and Examples
Fraud defined:
According to Texas law, unemployment benefits fraud occurs when a person:
- Makes a false statement or representation knowing it to be false
- Knowingly fails to disclose a material fact to obtain or increase benefit payments
- Knowingly makes a false statement or representation to avoid work search requirements
Common fraud examples:
- Failing to report work or earnings while certifying for benefits
- Providing false information about reason for job separation
- Claiming benefits while working full-time and not reporting employment
- Claiming benefits while incarcerated
- Using another person’s identity or stolen identity information to file claims
- Not reporting job refusals or job offers
- Filing claims in multiple states simultaneously for the same period
- Falsifying work search activities or documentation
- Continuing to claim benefits after returning to full-time work
- Providing false documentation to support claim
Source: Texas Labor Code § 214.001 (fraud definition); TWC fraud information
Penalties for Fraud
Administrative penalties:
Claimants found to have committed fraud must repay benefits received AND face additional penalties:
Repayment: 100% of fraudulently obtained benefits must be repaid in full
Penalty: 15% of the overpayment amount is added as a penalty
Interest: No interest charged on fraud overpayments, but 15% penalty applies
Disqualification: Claimant forfeits all benefits from the first week fraud was committed through the rest of the benefit year. If fraud occurred in week 4 of a claim, all benefits from week 4 forward are forfeited, even if the claimant was otherwise eligible.
Future eligibility: Until fraud overpayment and penalty are paid in full, claimant is not eligible for benefits on any future claim
Example calculation:
Claimant received $5,000 in benefits fraudulently
- Repayment: $5,000
- Penalty (15%): $750
- Total amount due: $5,750
Criminal penalties:
Unemployment fraud is a criminal offense under Texas Penal Code:
State Jail Felony (most common charge):
- Property valued at $2,500 or more but less than $30,000
- Punishment: 180 days to 2 years in state jail
- Fine: Up to $10,000
- Restitution: Full repayment of benefits required
Third Degree Felony:
- Property valued at $30,000 or more but less than $150,000
- Punishment: 2 to 10 years in prison
- Fine: Up to $10,000
- Restitution: Full repayment required
Second Degree Felony:
- Property valued at $150,000 or more
- Punishment: 2 to 20 years in prison
- Fine: Up to $10,000
- Restitution: Full repayment required
Prosecution: Texas Workforce Commission Office of Inspector General investigates fraud cases and refers cases to county or federal prosecutors. Federal prosecution possible for identity theft schemes or fraud involving multiple states.
Source: Texas Labor Code § 214.001 through § 214.003 (penalties); Texas Penal Code § 31.03 (theft classification); TWC fraud penalties
Report fraud: 800-252-3642 or https://apps.twc.texas.gov/UiFraudSubmission/uifs/uifraud
Criminal prosecutions: https://www.twc.texas.gov/programs/unemployment-benefits/criminal-prosecutions
Non-Fraud Overpayments
Overpayment without fraud:
Overpayments may occur without fraudulent intent due to:
- TWC error in processing or calculating benefits
- Delayed employer information changing eligibility determination
- Reversed determination on appeal
- Good faith mistake by claimant in reporting
- Misunderstanding of eligibility rules or reporting requirements
- Clerical errors or data entry mistakes
Repayment obligation:
Non-fraud overpayments must be repaid in full. There is no penalty or interest on non-fraud overpayments. Texas law requires TWC to recover all unemployment benefits overpayments regardless of fault.
Important: Texas does not offer waivers for non-fraud overpayments. All overpayments must be repaid, even if caused by TWC error or circumstances beyond claimant’s control. There is no exception for financial hardship.
Statute of limitations:
There is no statute of limitations on debts owed to the state of Texas. Overpayments remain collectible indefinitely until paid in full.
Repayment options:
1. Lump sum payment:
- Full payment of overpayment amount
- Payment by check, money order, credit card, or debit card
- Online payment through TWC website
2. Monthly payment plan:
- Minimum six-month payment plan required
- Claimant proposes payment amount
- TWC may accept or require different terms
- Must submit first payment with payment plan request
3. Offset from future benefits:
- If claimant eligible for future benefits, TWC offsets benefits to recover overpayment
- Typically 50% of weekly benefit amount offset for non-fraud overpayments
- 100% may be offset for fraud overpayments
4. Federal tax refund intercept (Treasury Offset Program – TOP):
- Overpayments subject to TOP collection
- TWC refers delinquent overpayments to U.S. Treasury
- Federal income tax refunds intercepted to repay debt
- Applies to overpayments from incorrectly reported earnings, fraud, and fraud penalties
5. State tax refund intercept:
- Texas has no state income tax, so this option not applicable
6. Wage garnishment:
- TWC may obtain court order for wage garnishment
- Typically used for large delinquent overpayments
- Employer required to withhold portion of wages
Consequences of non-payment:
- Overpayment remains on record indefinitely
- Cannot receive benefits on any future claim until overpayment paid
- Federal and state tax refunds intercepted
- Credit bureau reporting (may affect credit score)
- Civil judgment and wage garnishment possible
- Collection fees and court costs added to balance
Source: Texas Labor Code § 213.001 through § 213.011 (overpayment recovery); TWC overpayment information
Repayment information: https://www.twc.texas.gov/programs/unemployment-benefits/overpayments
Identity Theft and Fraud Reporting
If victim of identity theft:
If you receive unemployment benefits claim notice, debit card, or correspondence for benefits you did not file for, you may be a victim of unemployment identity theft.
Immediate actions:
- Report the fraudulent claim using TWC’s fraud reporting portal: https://apps.twc.texas.gov/UiFraudSubmission/uifs/uifraud
- DO NOT activate any debit card received
- Destroy the debit card
- File police report in your city of residence
- File identity theft report with Federal Trade Commission: https://www.identitytheft.gov
- Place fraud alert on credit reports with three major credit bureaus
- Monitor bank accounts and credit reports for suspicious activity
Protection from fraudulent overpayments:
Once TWC confirms identity theft, the individual named on the fraudulent claim is not responsible for any overpayment. Employer accounts are also protected from chargeback on fraudulent claims.
Source: TWC identity theft information; https://www.twc.texas.gov/programs/unemployment-benefits/fraud
Taxation of Unemployment Benefits in Texas
Federal Tax Treatment
Federal taxation:
Unemployment benefits are taxable income under federal law (26 U.S.C. § 85). All unemployment compensation must be reported on federal income tax return.
Form 1099-G:
TWC issues IRS Form 1099-G by January 31 each year to all claimants who received benefits during the previous calendar year. Form 1099-G shows:
- Box 1: Total unemployment compensation paid during the year
- Box 4: Federal income tax withheld (if withholding was elected)
- Box 11: State income tax withheld (will be blank for Texas)
Federal tax withholding option:
Claimants may request federal income tax withholding at the time of filing or any time during the benefit year. Withholding rate is 10% of the weekly benefit amount. Withholding is voluntary.
How to request withholding:
- During initial application for benefits
- By completing and returning IRS Form W-4V mailed by TWC
- By calling TWC Tele-Center at 800-939-6631
- Through Unemployment Benefits Services online portal
Source: IRS Publication 525; 26 U.S.C. § 85
IRS unemployment information: https://www.irs.gov/individuals/employees/unemployment-compensation
State Tax Treatment
Texas taxation:
Texas does not impose a state income tax. Unemployment benefits are not subject to Texas state taxation.
Claimants residing in Texas who receive unemployment benefits do not need to file a state income tax return or pay state income tax on benefits. However, federal income tax still applies.
Form 1099-G Box 11: This box shows state income tax withheld. For Texas claimants, this box will always show $0.00 because Texas has no state income tax.
Source: Texas Tax Code – Texas does not have personal income tax
Verified: January 22, 2026
Accessing Form 1099-G
Form 1099-G distribution:
TWC issues Form 1099-G by January 31 each year. Beginning in mid-January, claimants can access Form 1099-G information.
Access methods:
1. Online (fastest method):
- Log in to Unemployment Benefits Services at https://www.twc.texas.gov
- Select “View IRS 1099-G Information” from menu
- View, print, or download form
2. Automated phone system:
- Call Tele-Serv at 800-558-8321
- Select preferred language
- Select Option 2 for 1099-G information
- Provide Social Security number and PIN
3. U.S. Mail:
- TWC automatically mails Form 1099-G to address on file
- Mailed by January 31
- Allow 7-10 days for postal delivery
Incorrect 1099-G:
If Form 1099-G shows incorrect amounts or benefits not actually received:
- Do not ignore it – IRS receives copy and expects reporting
- Contact TWC immediately: 800-939-6631
- Request corrected Form 1099-G
- If fraudulent claim, report identity theft through fraud portal
- Do not file tax return until corrected form received
Source: TWC 1099-G information page
Official URL: https://www.twc.texas.gov/programs/unemployment-benefits/tax-information
Special Unemployment Programs in Texas
Extended Benefits (EB)
Program status (2026): Inactive
Extended Benefits provide additional weeks of unemployment compensation when Texas’s unemployment rate meets federal trigger criteria.
Trigger requirements:
Texas triggers “on” to Extended Benefits when:
- Insured Unemployment Rate (IUR) exceeds 5.0% AND is at least 120% of the average for the prior two years, OR
- Total Unemployment Rate (TUR) exceeds 6.5% AND is at least 110% of the average for the prior two years
The U.S. Secretary of Labor determines these rates using the most recent three-month period with published data available for all states.
Additional weeks available: Up to 13 weeks (50% of regular UI claim’s maximum benefit amount)
Weekly benefit amount: Same as regular UI weekly benefit amount
Work search requirements: Extended Benefits has more stringent work search requirements than regular UI. Claimants must conduct systematic and sustained work search using multiple methods on multiple days each week.
Current status verification:
URL: https://www.twc.texas.gov/programs/unemployment-benefits/extended-unemployment-benefits
Last checked: January 22, 2026
Current trigger status: Off – Texas unemployment rates below trigger thresholds
Source: Texas Labor Code § 209.022; 20 C.F.R. § 615 (federal EB regulations)
Federal EB information: https://oui.doleta.gov/unemploy/eb.asp
Shared Work / Short-Time Compensation
Shared Work program status: Available when activated by TWC
Texas’s Shared Work program (also called Short-Time Compensation) allows employers to reduce employee hours instead of conducting layoffs, with affected employees receiving partial unemployment benefits to supplement reduced wages.
Program availability: The Shared Work program is authorized under Texas law but TWC activates the program on an as-needed basis, typically during economic downturns. Contact TWC Employer Services for current program status.
Employer requirements:
- Reduce hours by 10-60% across affected unit or department
- Maintain health and retirement benefits for participating employees
- Submit approved Shared Work plan to TWC
- Plan must affect at least 10% of employees in unit or two employees, whichever is greater
- Cannot reduce hours for seasonal, temporary, or intermittent employees
Employee benefits:
- Receive partial UI benefits proportional to hours reduced
- Maintain employment status and employer-provided benefits
- No work search requirement while participating in approved plan
- Benefits calculated based on percentage of hours reduced
Example: Employee normally works 40 hours per week at $20/hour. Employer reduces hours to 24 hours per week (40% reduction). Employee receives:
- Wages: 24 hours × $20 = $480
- Partial unemployment: 40% of weekly benefit amount
- If WBA is $400, receives $160 in unemployment benefits
- Total weekly income: $480 + $160 = $640
Employer application process:
- Contact TWC Employer Services
- Complete Shared Work plan application
- Obtain employee consent for participation
- Submit plan for TWC approval
- Plan approved for 6-12 months with possible extensions
Source: Texas Labor Code § 215 (Shared Work provisions); TWC Employer Services
Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA)
TAA program: Active (federal program administered by states)
Workers who lose jobs due to foreign trade may qualify for Trade Adjustment Assistance benefits and services.
Eligibility:
Workers must be covered by a trade-affected certification petition approved by U.S. Department of Labor. Employer or worker group must apply for certification showing job losses resulted from:
- Increased imports of competing products
- Shift in production to foreign country
- Loss of business to firm whose production shifted abroad
Benefits available:
- Income support: Extended unemployment benefits beyond standard 26 weeks
- Training funding: Up to $15,000 for approved training programs
- Job search allowances: Reimbursement up to 90% of job search costs (maximum $1,500)
- Relocation allowances: Up to 90% of reasonable relocation costs (maximum $1,500)
- Alternative Trade Adjustment Assistance (ATAA): Wage subsidy for workers age 50+ who accept lower-paying jobs (50% of wage difference, up to $10,000 over two years)
- Health Coverage Tax Credit: Assistance with health insurance premiums
Application process:
Workers may contact local Workforce Solutions office if they believe their job loss resulted from foreign trade. Workforce Solutions staff will assist with:
- Determining if employer is covered by TAA certification
- Filing TAA application
- Developing employment plan
- Enrolling in approved training
- Accessing available benefits and services
Texas TAA coordinator information available through local Workforce Solutions offices.
Source: Trade Act of 1974, 19 U.S.C. § 2271 et seq.; 20 C.F.R. Part 617
DOL TAA information: https://www.dol.gov/agencies/eta/tradeact
Local office locator: https://www.twc.texas.gov/partners/workforce-solutions-offices
Disaster Unemployment Assistance (DUA)
DUA availability: Available during federally declared disasters
Disaster Unemployment Assistance provides benefits to individuals who lost employment or self-employment as a direct result of a federally declared major disaster and are not eligible for regular unemployment insurance.
Eligibility:
Individuals who:
- Lost employment or self-employment as direct result of major disaster
- Work or self-employment no longer exists or was significantly interrupted
- Cannot reach workplace due to disaster damage
- Were scheduled to start work but job no longer exists due to disaster
- Became head of household and cannot work due to disaster-related death of previous head of household
Exclusions:
- Individuals eligible for regular unemployment insurance (must file regular UI first)
- Individuals with paid leave or vacation time available
- Workers able to continue employment through telework
Benefits:
- Weekly benefit amount equal to minimum state WBA or higher based on wages (if available)
- Maximum 26 weeks of DUA within disaster assistance period
- Benefits only for weeks of unemployment directly caused by disaster
Application:
- Available only when President declares major disaster and approves DUA for affected area
- Must apply within 30 days of disaster declaration or date disaster caused unemployment
- Apply through Unemployment Benefits Services at https://www.twc.texas.gov
- Must provide proof of employment or self-employment within 21 days of applying
- Required documentation: wage records, tax returns, business records, employer statement
Activation:
DUA is not continuously available. TWC activates DUA application system only when federal disaster declaration includes DUA approval for Texas. Check TWC website during major disasters for DUA availability.
Source: Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, 42 U.S.C. § 5177; 20 C.F.R. § 625
FEMA DUA information: https://www.fema.gov/assistance/individual/program
TWC DUA page: https://www.twc.texas.gov/programs/unemployment-benefits/disaster-unemployment-assistance
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE)
UCFE program: Active (federal program administered by states)
Federal civilian employees who become unemployed may be eligible for unemployment benefits under the federal UCFE program.
Administration:
Although UCFE is a federal program, claims are filed with the state unemployment agency where the federal employee worked. In Texas, former federal employees file through Texas Workforce Commission using the same online system as regular unemployment claims.
Eligibility:
Same eligibility requirements as regular state unemployment insurance, but using federal wages instead of state-covered wages. Federal employing agency must provide wage and separation information to TWC.
Benefits:
- Weekly benefit amount calculated same as regular Texas UI (highest quarter wages ÷ 25)
- Minimum and maximum weekly benefit amounts same as regular UI ($75 – $605 for 2026)
- Maximum duration: 26 weeks
- No Extended Benefits available under UCFE
Work search requirements: Same as regular Texas unemployment insurance
Federal agency information required:
- Agency name and address
- Duty station location
- Type of appointment (permanent, temporary, seasonal)
- SF-8 or SF-50 form documenting separation
Source: 5 U.S.C. § 8501 et seq.; 20 C.F.R. Part 609
Federal employee information: https://www.dol.gov/agencies/eta/unemployment-insurance/ucfe-ucx
Unemployment Compensation for Ex-Servicemembers (UCX)
UCX program: Active (federal program administered by states)
Ex-military personnel who served on active duty may be eligible for unemployment benefits under the federal UCX program.
Administration:
Claims filed with state unemployment agency where servicemember was stationed or resides after separation. In Texas, former military personnel file through Texas Workforce Commission.
Eligibility:
Same requirements as regular state unemployment insurance. Military wages during active duty used to establish claim. Military branch provides wage information to TWC.
Benefits:
- Weekly benefit amount calculated same as regular Texas UI
- Minimum and maximum weekly benefit amounts same as regular UI ($75 – $605 for 2026)
- Maximum duration: 26 weeks
- Extended Benefits may be available if state triggers on to EB
Work search requirements: Same as regular Texas unemployment insurance
Required documentation:
- DD Form 214 (Certificate of Release or Discharge from Active Duty)
- Copy of most recent Leave and Earnings Statement
- Military branch and dates of service
- Separation reason
Special provisions:
- Military retirement pensions paid as periodic payments are deducted from unemployment benefits if military wages used in base period
- Disability pay from military branch is deducted; disability pay from U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs is not deducted
- Must be able to work full-time to be eligible
Source: 5 U.S.C. § 8521 et seq.; 20 C.F.R. Part 614
Ex-servicemember information: https://www.dol.gov/agencies/eta/unemployment-insurance/ucfe-ucx
Context: Texas Compared to National Benchmarks
Texas benefit levels in national context (2026):
- Maximum WBA: $605 (ranks approximately 11th among 50 states)
- Duration: 26 weeks (standard duration used by most states)
- Unique features: No waiting week requirement (benefits payable from first week of unemployment); work search requirements vary by county based on local labor market conditions
National range:
- Highest maximum WBA: Massachusetts ($1,015)
- Lowest maximum WBA: Mississippi ($235)
- Most common duration: 26 weeks (used by approximately 35 states)
- States with no waiting week: Approximately 38 states
- States with waiting week: Approximately 12 states
For comprehensive state-by-state comparisons, see:
U.S. DOL Comparison: https://oui.doleta.gov/unemploy/comparison/
State unemployment websites: https://www.careeronestop.org/LocalHelp/UnemploymentBenefits/find-unemployment-benefits.aspx
Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Comparison of State UI Laws 2026; Texas Labor Code
Resources
Texas unemployment resources:
Texas Workforce Commission
Main unemployment page: https://www.twc.texas.gov/programs/unemployment-benefits
Phone: 800-939-6631 (Tele-Center)
TTY: Relay Texas – 711
Hours: Monday-Friday, 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM Central Time
Mailing address: 101 East 15th Street, Austin, TX 78778
Online claims portal (Unemployment Benefits Services)
Website: https://www.twc.texas.gov/services/apply-benefits
Available: 24 hours a day, 7 days a week
Automated Tele-Serv system
Phone: 800-558-8321
Available: 24 hours a day, 7 days a week
Services: Payment requests, claim status, 1099-G information
Appeals office
Website: https://www.twc.texas.gov/services/file-unemployment-appeal
Mailing address: Commission Appeals, TWC, 101 E. 15th St., Room 406, Austin, TX 78778
Fax: 512-475-1135
Email for questions: appeals.status@twc.texas.gov (cannot submit appeals by email)
Fraud reporting
Hotline: 800-252-3642
Online portal: https://apps.twc.texas.gov/UiFraudSubmission/uifs/uifraud
Employer services
Website: https://www.twc.texas.gov/businesses
Employer Benefits Services: https://www.twc.texas.gov/businesses/employer-benefits-services
WorkInTexas.com (job search portal)
Website: https://www.workintexas.com
Required for work registration and job search
Workforce Solutions offices (local offices)
Office locator: https://www.twc.texas.gov/partners/workforce-solutions-offices
Services: In-person assistance, computer access, job search help, training information
Federal resources:
U.S. Department of Labor
Purpose: Federal UI oversight
Website: https://www.dol.gov/agencies/eta/unemployment-insurance
CareerOneStop
Purpose: Job search resources and career information
Website: https://www.careeronestop.org
America’s Service Locator: https://www.careeronestop.org/LocalHelp/service-locator.aspx
Internal Revenue Service
Purpose: Tax information on unemployment benefits
Website: https://www.irs.gov/individuals/employees/unemployment-compensation
Publication 525: https://www.irs.gov/publications/p525
Source: Official government websites
Frequently Asked Questions: Texas Unemployment Benefits 2026
What are unemployment benefits in Texas?
Unemployment benefits in Texas are temporary, partial income replacement payments for workers who lose employment through no fault of their own. The program is administered by the Texas Workforce Commission and funded entirely by employer payroll taxes. Benefits provide financial assistance while unemployed workers search for new employment.
How much can I receive in unemployment benefits in Texas?
The weekly benefit amount ranges from $75 to $605, calculated by dividing your highest base period quarter wages by 25. You can receive up to 26 weeks of benefits during your benefit year. Your total maximum benefit amount is 26 times your weekly benefit amount or 27% of your total base period wages, whichever is less. For example, if your weekly benefit amount is $450, you could receive up to $11,700 over 26 weeks.
How long does it take to get unemployment benefits in Texas?
If your claim has no issues requiring investigation, first payment typically arrives 2-4 weeks after filing your initial claim. You will receive a monetary determination within 7-10 days showing your benefit amounts. If there are separation or eligibility issues requiring adjudication, payment may take longer. After your claim is approved, you must request payment biweekly and payments are processed within 2-3 business days of each request.
Can I work part-time and still receive unemployment in Texas?
Yes, you can work part-time and receive reduced unemployment benefits. Texas allows you to earn up to 25% of your weekly benefit amount without any reduction. For earnings above 25%, your benefits are reduced dollar-for-dollar. If your total earnings equal or exceed your weekly benefit amount plus 25%, you receive no benefits for that week. You must report all earnings when requesting payment and continue looking for full-time work.
What disqualifies you from unemployment in Texas?
You can be disqualified for: voluntarily quitting without good cause (6-week disqualification), discharge for misconduct connected with work (6-25 week disqualification with benefit reduction), refusing suitable work without good cause (6-week disqualification), participating in a labor dispute, receiving severance pay or wages in lieu of notice, not being able or available for work, or failing to meet work search requirements. Fraud can result in forfeiting all benefits from the date fraud occurred.
How do I file for unemployment in Texas?
File online through Unemployment Benefits Services at https://www.twc.texas.gov/services/apply-benefits available 24/7. You will need your Social Security number, driver’s license or state ID, employment history for the last 18 months, employer contact information, and bank account details for direct deposit. The application takes approximately 30-45 minutes. After filing, you will receive monetary and non-monetary determinations by mail within 2-4 weeks. You must request payment biweekly to receive benefits.
Are unemployment benefits taxable in Texas?
Yes, unemployment benefits are taxable income for federal income tax purposes. You will receive Form 1099-G by January 31 showing the total benefits paid and any federal tax withheld. You must report unemployment compensation on your federal tax return. However, Texas does not have a state income tax, so unemployment benefits are not subject to Texas state taxation. You can elect to have 10% federal tax withheld from your weekly benefit amount.
How do I appeal an unemployment denial in Texas?
You must file a written appeal within 14 calendar days from the date TWC mailed the determination notice. Appeal online at https://www.twc.texas.gov/services/file-unemployment-appeal, by mail to Commission Appeals, by fax to 512-475-1135, or in person at any Workforce Solutions office. Include your name, Social Security number, the determination you are appealing, and a statement that you disagree. An appeal hearing will be scheduled where you can present evidence and testimony. The hearing officer’s decision is mailed within 7-10 days.
What if I disagree with my weekly benefit amount?
If you believe your weekly benefit amount was calculated incorrectly, you can appeal the monetary determination within 14 days of the mail date. Review your base period wages shown on the determination and verify they match your earnings records. If wages are missing or incorrect, contact your employer(s) to report wages to TWC, or provide wage documentation such as W-2 forms or pay stubs. You can also request TWC to use an alternative base period if you recently worked but wages are not in the standard base period.
Do I need to register for work search in Texas?
Yes, you must register for work with WorkInTexas.com within three business days of filing your claim. Texas residents register at https://www.workintexas.com. If you live outside Texas or commute from a bordering state, you must register with the American Job Center in your state of residence. You must complete a minimum number of work search activities each week (typically 3 activities) and keep detailed records. TWC may audit your work search activities at any time.
What happens if I receive an overpayment notice?
If you receive an overpayment notice, you must repay the benefits. Non-fraud overpayments must be repaid without penalties or interest. Fraud overpayments require repayment plus a 15% penalty. You cannot receive future benefits until the overpayment is repaid. Repayment options include lump sum payment, payment plan (minimum 6 months), offset from future benefits, or federal tax refund intercept. Contact TWC immediately at 800-939-6631 to arrange repayment. If the overpayment is from a fraudulent claim you did not file, report identity theft at https://apps.twc.texas.gov/UiFraudSubmission/uifs/uifraud.
Can I receive unemployment if I was fired?
It depends on the reason for discharge. If you were fired for misconduct connected with the work, you will be disqualified for 6-25 weeks and your maximum benefit amount will be reduced. Misconduct includes intentional wrongdoing, violation of employer policies that ensure orderly work, neglect jeopardizing life or property, or intentional violation of law. If you were fired for reasons other than misconduct, such as poor performance, inability to do the work, or personality conflicts, you may be eligible for benefits. TWC investigates the discharge and makes a determination.